PM_(10)中碳质组分及其比例变化对大学生FEV_1的急性影响

目的探讨可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))中碳质组分总碳(total carbon,TC)、元素碳(elemental carbon,EC)和有机碳(organic carbon,OC)的含量及其比例变化对健康大学生1s最大呼气量(FEV_1)的急性影响。方法采用固定群组追踪研究方法,整群选取武汉市某大学二年级一个班全体在校学生(共37名)作为研究对象,于2009年12月23日—2010年1月5日,连续14 d测定各研究对象FEV_1,同时监测颗粒物浓度和温湿度变化。构建线性混合效应模型定量评估PM_(10)中碳质组分及其比例对FEV_1的影响。结果研究期间PM_(10)中TC、EC、OC平均浓度分别是(45.42±20.67)μg/m~3、(19.71±12.07)μg/m~3、(25.66±9.50)μg/m~3,其浓度每升高10μg/m~3,FEV_1分别下降0.56%(95%CI:0.08%~1.04%)、0.82%(95%CI:0.06%~1.58%)、1.40%(95%CI:0.21%~2.59%)。TC/PM_(10)、EC/PM_(10)每升高1个四分位间距(IQR),FEV_1分别下降1.16%(95%CI:0.17%~2.15%)、0.97%(95%CI:0.18%~1.76%)。控制了PM_(10)的影响后,PM_(10)中总碳含量(TC)每升高IQR,FEV_1下降1.10%(95%CI:0.09%~2.11%)。结论室内空气可吸入颗粒物中碳质组分的浓度以及其比重的变化与健康大学生FEV_1的改变存在关联。

Acute effects of carbonaceous components and their proportions change in PM10 on FEV1 of college students

Objective To discuss the acute effects of carbonaceous components (TC,EC and OC) volume and their proportions change in inhalable particles (PM10) on forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of college students.Methods A panel of 37 college students in Wuhan were chosen and the investigation was carried out from December 23rd 2009 to January 5th 2010.Daily FEV1 was measured by subjects themselves,respectively.Meanwhile,the daily data of PM10,carbonaceous components,temperature,and relative humidity were collected.Linear mixed-effects models were used to quantitatively estimate the influence of carbonaceous components and their proportions change in PM10 on FEV1.Results Average daily concentrations of TC,EC and OC in PM10 during the study period were (45.42±20.67) μg/m3,(19.71±12.07) μg/m3,(25.66±9.50) μg/m3,respectively.Each 10 μg/m3 increase in TC,EC and OC was associated with the decrease of FEV1 of 0.56％ (95％CI:0.08％-1.04％),0.82％ (95％CI:0.06％-1.58％) and 1.40％ (95％CI:0.21％-2.59％) on the current day,respectively.Each IQR increase in TC/PM10 and EC/PM10 was association with the decrease of FEV1 of 1.16％ (95％CI:0.17％-2.15％),0.97％(95％CI:0.18％-1.76％),respectively.After controlling the effect of PM~,each IQR increase in TC/PM10 was associated with the decrease of FEV1 of 1.10％ (95％CI:0.09％-2.11％).Conclusion The change of carbonaceous components concentration and their proportions in PM10 has influence on FEV1 of healthy college students.