重型颅脑损伤的动物实验模型制作及其临床意义

目的 探索可复制重度颅脑损伤实验大鼠动物模型的制作.方法 采用改良自由落体装置,撞击80例麻醉后实验鼠颅骨穹窿部,砝码质量50～200 g,高度20 ～ 50 cm,撞击后观察时间为4h～12d,麻醉后取脑,制作652张病理切片,观察脑病理切片与临床脑创伤的相关性.结果 确认最佳冲击力为10 000g/cm,病理改变与临床有显著相关性,对重型创伤性颅脑损伤的诊治有参考价值.运用模拟临床的闭合性减压术与开放性减压术对比,获得有益提示,后者更有利于脑创伤康复.结论 通过本实验找到创伤性重型颅脑损伤大鼠最佳致伤冲击力,实验动物与临床有显著相关性,开放减压比闭合减压更有利于脑康复.

Development of laboratory animal model of serious traumatic brain injury and its clinical significance

Objective To establish replicable animal model of serious traumatic brain injury (S-TBI) in rats.Methods An improved free fall apparatus was used to give impacts on the vault of skull of 80 anesthetized rats with a 50-200 g weight from a 20-50 cm height,the rats were observed for 4 hr to 12 days after impact,and brain was collected after anesthesia to make 652 pathological sections.Results The optimum impact force was determined as 10 000 g/cm.There was a marked correlation between pathological changes and clinical manifestation,which had a reference value to the diagnosis and treatment of S-TBI.A comparison between simulated clinical closed decompression and open decompression indicated that the latter was more favorable for the rehabilitation of brain trauma.Conclusion The optimum impact force was found in rats of severe traumatic brain injury through experiments;experimental animals were significantly correlative to clinical diagnosis and treatment;open decompression was more beneficial to brain rehabilitation.