2015年春季济南市活禽交易场所人感染高致病性禽流感传播风险评估

目的 评估2015年春季济南市城区农贸市场活禽交易场所人感染高致病性禽流感H5N1传播风险.方法 于2015年1-3月选择济南市5个城区作为调查现场,每个区随机抽取5～10个农贸市场的活禽交易摊位和活禽宰杀点进行调查,同时随机选择从业人员进行问卷调查,并选择活禽市场进行FluA、H5检测.通过现场调查、专家咨询(Delphi)法和多指标综合评分法构建风险评估模型,评估2015年春季济南市城区农贸市场活禽交易场所人感染H5N1传播风险.结果 2015年13月济南市城区活禽摊位外环境的禽流感病毒H5核酸阳性率为13.33％(30/225);农贸市场活禽交易场所人感染H5N1的传播风险值为0.2836,依据风险等级评估标准,属于低风险.结论 建议对济南市农贸市场活禽交易场所人感染高致病性禽流感H5N1进行低风险状况下的风险管理,并尽快制定和完善相应的卫生规范.

Risk assessment of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in live poultry farmers market trading places in 2015 spring Ji'nan

Objective To assess the risk of people infected by highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in live pouhry farmers market trading places in Ji'nan city.Methods Five urban areas in Ji'nan city were chosen as the investigated field,the status of heahh facilities and environmental sanitation of live poultry stalls and live poultry slaughter point were investigated with two stage random sampling method and self designed questionnaire.At the same time,a questionnaire survey was conducted by randomly selected employees and the live poultry markets were selected for Flu A H5 detection.Based on the field investigation,the expert consultation (Delphi) method and multi index comprehensive evaluation method,the risk assessment of people infected by highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) was performed.Results A total of 225 specimen of poultry cage with smear,sewage and feces were collected for nucleic acid detection of Flu A and H5 from January 2015 to March.Laboratory test results showed that the positive rate of H5 nucleic acid was 13.3％ (30/225).The risk value of people infected by highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in live poultry farmers market trading places in Ji'nan city of 2015 was 0.283 6,the risk was lower according to the basis of risk assessment standard.Conclusion According to the evaluation results,it is suggested that the risk management under the condition of low risk in live poultry trading places in Ji'nan need to be developed and the hygienic specifications of the corresponding need to be promoted as soon as possible.