海马微环境对细胞分化和极性化的影响

目的 观察海马脑片微环境对不同分化程度细胞的极性和分化的影响。方法 将小鼠的海马脑片与5种不同分化程度的细胞（肝癌细胞、正常肝脏细胞、PC12细胞、正常神经细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞）进行共同培养，观察细胞的分化和极性产生情况。结果 与对照组相比，与海马脑片共培养的细胞数量明显减少。共培养的细胞在海马脑片上的分布有一定的规律，主要集中锥体细胞层和颗粒细胞层，其他地方分布均匀，类似于脑片片层化的构筑。海马微环境下低分化的细胞受海马脑片微环境的影响可以产生极性并分化，高分化的细胞不能产生极性。 结论 海马微环境对细胞的极性和分化有促进作用，对生长和分裂有抑制作用，细胞的极性变化与自身和所处的微环境有关，特别对低分化的细胞极性和分化的影响较大。

Effect of hippocampal microenvironment on cells' differentiation and polarity

Objective Our study aimed to investigate the influence of the hippocampal microenvironment on cell’sdifferentiation and polarization. Methods The hippocampal slices were co-cultured with five types of cells (liver cancer cells, normal liver cells, PC12 cells, normal nerve cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) with various differentiations. The cell differentiation and polarization were observed. Results Compared with the control, the cells distributed with laminar pattern, mainly concentrated in pyramidal cell layer and granule cell layer, with double ‘C’ shape. However, the cells distributed evenly elsewhere. Under the inducement of hippocampal microenvironment, low-differentiated cells underwent polarization and differentiation, but the well-differentiated cells did not. Conclusion The hippocampal microenvironment may promote the cell polarization and differentiation and inhibit the cells’ proliferation. The production of cell polarization and differentiation depends on the differentiated status and the microenvironment.