439例手足口病临床流行病学特征分析

目的了解手足口病住院病例的临床流行病学特征,为手足口病防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用历史常规资料的分析方法对江苏省沭阳县人民医院感染科2009年3月至6月的439例患者资料进行分析。结果男性比例高于女性;患者主要分布在1-5岁儿童,发病年龄主要集中在1-2岁间;患者发病至入院时间长短不一,平均2天;重症患者发热比例较高（χ^2=22.50,P〈0.01）。结论从传染病流行的3个环节入手,同时完善疫情暴发后应急处置体系,降低发病至入院时间,加强知识宣传,提高家长与教师的卫生意识,是有效控制疫情的关键。

Analysis of the clinical epidemiological characteristics of 439 eases of hand-foot-mouth disease

Objective To explore the prevalent features of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） in People′s Hospital of Shuyang County,Jiangsu Province from March to June,2009 so as to provide evidence for the prevention and management policy of this disease.Methods Historical routine data was used to analyze the epidemic characteristics of 439 patients with HFMD.Results In 439 HFMD patients,male patients had higher prevalence than females.The infections occurred among children aged 1 to 5 years in nurseries or at home,with an average age of 1 to 2 years.The average time from occurrence of fever to hospitalization was 2 days.There was a prominent discrepancy between the critically ill patients and those with mild symptoms,with a higher percentage of febrile cases（χ^2=22.50,P〈0.01）.Conclusions Comprehensive measures should be taken and focused on the three links of the prevalence of infectious diseases.Meanwhile,perfection of emergency management system following epidemic outbreaks,reduction of the time from occurrence to hospitalization,popularization of the epidemic monitoring,as well as the enhancement of the hygiene awareness among parents and teachers are the keys to the effective management of the pandemic outbreaks.