神经病学临床带教中的思考

神经病学作为一门临床医学二级学科，基于神经系统解剖的特点及其功能的复杂多样性，有区别其他学科的教学方式和教学内容，与内科学等其他临床学科有着显著的不同，是一门专业性极强的临床学科。神经病学是临床教学中的重点和难点之一，它的概念抽象，疾病种类繁多，课本中的知识点分散，年轻医师很难充分理解和全面掌握，因此是广大年轻医师认为最难学习的一门临床学科。如何培养神经病学医师具备较高的临床思维能力和解决实际问题的应用能力以及对神经病学常见病、多发病的正确诊治能力，是我们一直探索的方向，也是神经病学教学中的一个重大课题。特别是随着近年来住院医师规范化培训要求的提高及临床专业研究生的扩招，这对我们的临床带教工作提出了更高的要求。在临床带教过程中，不仅需要年轻医师熟练掌握神经解剖学和病理生理学等基础知识，还要培养他们的临床逻辑思维，提高其对神经系统疾病进行定位、定性和鉴别诊断的能力。这需要我们在平时的带教中要把疾病的概念、病理过程、临床表现、辅助检查、诊断和鉴别诊断及治疗原则等讲解的更加详细透彻，并通过采取强化基础理论、培养临床思维、提高临床技能、建设高水平带教团队等多种教学方法，充分调动年轻医师学习的积极性和主观能动性，使他们由被动听讲到主动思考再到动手实践，以达到教学目的，从而培养出高质量的专业性医学工作者。 

Ideas for clinical teaching of neurology

As a clinical medicine second level discipline,Neurology is based on the characteristics of the anatomy of the nervous system and the function of the complex diversity,there are different in the teaching methods and contents from other disciplines,such as Internal Medicine and other clinical disciplines;it is a highly professional clinical disciplines.Neurology is one of the emphases and difficulties in clinical teaching,because of its abstract concept,kinds of diseases and different textbook knowledge point dispersion,it is difficult for students to understand and grasp.Therefore,it is the majority of medical students think the most difficult to learn a clinical discipline.How to develop neurological physicians have a higher clinical thinking ability and solve the practical problems of application ability,and the common and frequently occurring disease in neurology correct diagnosis and treatment,we have been exploring the direction,but also the teaching of Neurology in a major issue.In particular,with the improvement of standardized training of resident doctors in recent years and the enrollment expansion of clinical graduate students,this has put forward higher requirements for our clinical teaching work.In the clinical teach process,not only needs the young physician master the elementary knowledge of Neuroanatomy and pathological physiology,but also to develop their clinical thinking,improve the positioning,qualitative and differential diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system.This requires we usually take to teach in the disease concept,pathology,clinical manifestation,auxiliary examination,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and therapeutic principle of speaking more detailed and thorough,take a variety of teaching methods,and fully mobilize students learning enthusiasm and initiative of,make them by passive listening to active thinking to practical,thereby we can achieve the goal of teaching and develop high quality professional medical workers.