碘摄入量及富碘食物与甲状腺癌发病关系的Meta分析

目的 通过Meta分析的方法，明确碘摄入量、富碘食物与甲状腺癌发病的关系。方法 根据PICOS制定检索策略，计算机检索Pubmed、Embase、CNKI、CBM及WanFang Data，并查阅所获文献的参考文献，查找关于碘摄入量、富碘食物与甲状腺癌发病风险相关的队列研究及病例对照研究；检索时限均从建库至2015年4月。由2位研究者按照文献纳入和排除标准筛选文献、提取数据并评价质量后，采用Review Manager 5.2和Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V2软件将数据进行Meta分析。结果 总共纳入9篇研究，共5 374例研究对象。Meta分析结果显示：碘摄入量≥300微克/天、经常食用海鱼（≥3次/周 或≥12次/月）能够降低甲状腺癌发病风险（碘：OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.60~0.92，P<0.05；海鱼：OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.53~0.90, P<0.05）。未发现贝类与甲状腺癌的发病存在显著关系。结论 适当多摄入碘（≥300微克/天）或经常食用海鱼能够降低甲状腺癌的发病风险，可能是甲状腺癌的保护因素。

Association of Iodine Intake and Iodine-enriched Food with Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-analysis

Objective To explore the relationship between iodine intake, iodine-enriched food and the risk of thyroid cancer by Meta-analysis. Methods We made search strategies according to PICOS. Pubmed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and CBM databases were searched for case control studies or cohort studies about the relationship between iodine intake, iodine-enriched food and the risk of thyroid cancer by computer from the inception to April, 2015. The reference lists were scanned for relevant studies. The articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by two researchers independently, the data were extracted, the quality was evaluated, and then Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.2 and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V2. Results A total of nine articles involving 5 374 participants were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that, more than adequate or excess iodine intake(≥300 μg/day) or high consumption of saltwater fish(≥3 times/week or 12 times/month) could decrease the thyroid cancer risk (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.60-0.92, P<0.05; OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.53-0.90, P<0.05). The investigation didn’t show significant relationship between shellfish and thyroid carcinoma risk. Conclusion Adequately higher intake of dietary iodine (≥300 μg/day) or high consumption of saltwater fish could decrease the thyroid cancer risk and be considered as a protective factor for thyroid cancer.