上颌窦内提升不植骨同期种植术——3年临床回顾性研究

目的:评价上颌窦内提升不植骨同期牙种植术的临床效果。方法:收集38例上颌窦区域牙缺失患者,采用上颌窦内提升不植骨同期牙种植手术方式,共植入58颗种植体。在植入后6个月、1年和3年随访,统计种植体的成功率以及拍摄全景片测量上颌窦成骨的高度。结果:1年时,1颗种植体未形成骨结合脱落。3年时,另1颗种植体出现松动取出。其余56颗种植体正常行使功能,3年成功率96.6%。受植区平均牙槽骨高度为(5.8±0.2) mm,术后上颌窦内提升高度为(5.1±0.3)mm。上颌窦内种植体周围见新骨形成,6个月平均成骨2.4 mm,1年平均成骨2.8 mm,3年与1年成骨无明显变化。结论:上颌窦内提升不植骨同期牙种植手术方式是可行的,上颌窦黏膜具有潜在的成骨能力。

Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation and Simultaneous Dental Implantation without Bone Grafts - A 3-Year Retrospective Study

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the osteotome sinus floor elevation technique and simultaneous dental implantation without grafting. Methods: The study population comprised 38 patients in whom 58 implants were inserted with the osteotome sinus floor elevation technique without grafting. Implant survival rate and radiological examination of all implants were estimated after 6 months, 1 year and 3 years. Result: One implant was off at the 1-year follow-up, and one more at the 3-year examination. The remaining 56 implants inserted were in function, giving a 3-year cumulative survival rate of 96.6%. The mean height of the alveolar process at the intended implant sites was 5.8±0.2 mm, and the mean elevation of the sinus floor was 5.1±0.3 mm. New bone regeneration around implant was found in sinus by radiological examination. The mean high of the new bone was 2.4mm at the 6-month follow-up, and 2.8mm at the 1-year. There was no significant difference between 1-year and 3-year. Conclusion: The osteotome sinus floor elevation technique with simultaneous dental implantation without grafting is feasible. The present study supports the theory that maxillary sinus mucosa has a great potential of bone formation.