术后强化护理预防下肢骨折老年患者便秘及下肢静脉血栓发生的研究

目的 探讨术后强化护理干预对下肢骨折老年患者便秘及下肢静脉血栓发生率的影响。 方法 将温州医科大学附属第二医院2015年7—12月收治的80例下肢骨折老年患者为观察组，实施强化护理。选取2015年1—6月收治的80例下肢骨折老年患者为对照组，实施常规护理。比较2组术后便秘、下肢静脉血栓的发生情况以及生活质量。 结果 观察组的腹胀、粪便形状、自发排便以及排便费力评分分别为1.62±0.34、1.60±0.43、1.27±0.45、1.21±0.36，均低于对照组的2.02±0.33、1.92±0.31、1.92±0.32、1.76±0.38，排便时间为(15.29±3.47) min，短于对照组的(23.21±4.19) min，便秘的发生率为10.0%，低于对照组的25.0%，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组下肢深静脉流速为(25.53±3.47) cm/s，大于对照组的(20.14±2.51) cm/s，DVT的检出率为2.5%，低于对照组的11.3%，静脉血栓的直径的(0.23±0.19) cm，小于对照组的(0.42±0.12) cm，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组的术后在躯体疼痛、精力、情感职能、生理功能等生活质量方面的评分分别为72.41±15.75、71.85±10.62、76.13±12.51、80.13±12.53，均高于对照组的64.52±11.31、63.21±10.35、64.05±12.10、69.52±12.69，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。 结论 术后强化护理干预能够减少下肢骨折患者便秘及下肢静脉血栓的发生率，改善患者的术后生活质量。 

Effect of postoperative intensive nursing intervention on preventing lower extremity venous thrombosis and constipation in elderly patients with lower limb fracture

Objective To explore the effect of postoperative intensive nursing intervention on preventing lower extremity venous thrombosis and constipation in elderly patients with lower limb fracture. Methods A total number of 80 elderly patients with lower limbs fracture in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from July to December 2015 were selected as the observation group,and were given intensive nursing intervention;While 80 elderly patients with lower limbs fracture in the same hospital from January to June 2015 were selected as the control group,and were given routine nursing.The venous thrombosis,constipation and life quality were compared between the two groups. Results The abdominal distension,stool shape,spontaneous defecation,defecation score in the observation group were1.62±0.34,1.60±0.43,1.27±0.45 and 1.21±0.36,which were lower than 2.02±0.33,1.92±0.31,1.92±0.32 and 1.76±0.38 in the control group;the defecation time was(15.29±3.47) min,which was shorter than(23.21±4.19)min in the control group;And the incidence of constipation was 10.0% in the observation group,which was lower than 25.0% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The lower extremity deep venous flow velocity in the observation group was (25.53±3.47) cm/s,which was faster than (20.14±2.51) cm/s in the control group,the incidence of venous thrombosis was 2.0% in the observation group,which was lower than 11.3% in the control group;the diameter of vein thrombus was (0.23±0.19) cm,which was less than (0.42±0.12) cm in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).For life quality,the energy,body pain,emotional function,physiological function in the observation group after the operation was 72.41±15.75,71.85±10.62,76.13±12.51 and 80.13±12.53,which was higher than 64.52±11.31,63.21±10.35,64.05±12.10 and 69.52±12.69 in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The postoperative intensive nursing intervention can reduce lower extremity venous thrombosis and constipation in elderly patients with lower limb fracture,and improve their life quality.