血栓抽吸在急性STEMI患者PPCI术中的应用研究

目的 评估急性 ST 段抬高心肌梗死（STEMI）患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PPCI）中应用血栓抽吸（TA）对术后 TIMI 血流、左室收缩功能和临床预后的影响。 方法 回顾天津市胸科医院心内科 2013 年 1 月—2015 年 3 月连续收治的 STEMI 并行 PPCI 的患者 664 例， 根据术中是否应用血栓抽吸， 分为抽吸组和对照组。 2 组临床基线情况、冠状动脉造影（CAG）病变情况及 PPCI 相关指标差异均无统计学意义。 术后随访 12 个月 ， 评价 1 个月及 12 个月时血栓抽吸对术后 TIMI 血流、左室收缩功能及预后的影响。 结果 抽吸组术后 TIMI 血流、术后 1 周左室射血分数均高于对照组（P＜ 0.05）。 随访 1 个月时 2 组各主要不良心脏事件（MACE）及总 MACE 发生率比较差异无统计学意义。 12 个月时 2 组心源性死亡、再发心肌梗死、新发或加重心力衰竭发生率比较差异无统计学意义， 抽吸组再发心绞痛、总 MACE 发生率低于对照组。 抽吸组无 MACE 生存情况优于对照组。 结论 STEMI 患者 PPCI 术中应用血栓抽吸可以进一步改善术后 TIMI 血流和左室收缩功能， 减少术后 12 个月内再发心绞痛的发作， 但对其他 MACE 无明显获益。

The clinical efficacy of thrombus aspiration in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and outcomes of thrombus aspiration in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods A total of 664 cases of STEMI patients undergoing PPCI from Tianjin Chest Hospital from January 2013 to March 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: primary PCI after thrombus aspiration group and conventional primary PCI without thromobus aspiration group. The base- line clinical characteristics, and the procedure of percutaneous coronary intervention were similar between two groups. The TIMI flow, LVEF, one-month outcomes and 12-month outcomes were compared between two groups. Results There were significant higher TIMI flow, LVEF in primary PCI after thrombus aspiration group than those of conventional primary PCI without thromobus aspiration group (P＜ 0.05). At one-month followup, there were no significant differences in major adverse cardiac events (MACE) between the two groups. At 12-month follow- up, there were no significant differences in cardiovascular death, recurrent myocardial infarction and new hospitalization between two groups. The incidence of recurrent angina was significantly higher in non-aspiration group than that in aspiration group (P＜ 0.05). There were the better survival functions without MACE in aspiration group than that of control group. Conclusion Thrombus aspiration, as an adjunctive method to primary PCI for STEMI, may improve TIMI flow, have beneficial effects on LVEF and reduce the incidence of recurrent angina at 12-month follow up.