文成县居民2013年血脂异常患病情况及相关因素调查

目的 研究文成县社区居民血脂异常患病情况的现状及其主要危险因素,为制定干预策略提供科学依据。 方法 2013年采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取文成县4 003名18岁及以上常住居民为调查对象。进行问卷调查(一般情况、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、膳食及精神因素等)、体格检查(体重、身高和血压的测量)及血生化检测(甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇和血糖的检测),采用χ²检验分析血脂异常的人群分布,采用多因素非条件 logistic 回归分析探讨血脂异常的危险因素。 结果 文成县18岁及以上居民血脂异常患病率为45.32％,男女性血脂异常患病率为40.12％、48.86％。以2000年中国人口构成进行标化后血脂异常标化患病率为44.21%:男为39.43%,女为46.40%。女性显著高于男性(χ²=29.76,P=0.000),居民血脂异常患病率随着年龄的增加而增加(χ²_趋势=29.25,P=0.000)。高甘油三酯血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高胆固醇血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症患病率分别为22.2％、14.9%、12.4%、8.9％。多因素非条件 logistic 回归分析结果表明,血脂异常与性别(OR=1.317,95%CI:1.115~1.554, P=0.001)、年龄(OR=1.010,95%CI:1.005~1.016, P=0.000)、职业(OR=1.053,95%CI:1.021~1.086, P=0.001)、文化程度(OR=1.146,95%CI:1.055~1.246, P=0.001)、高血压(OR=13.094,95%CI:11.053~15.512, P=0.000)、超重(OR=1.220,95%CI:1.022~1.457, P=0.028)、肥胖(OR=2.376,95%CI:1.524~3.704, P=0.000)有关。 结论 文成县社区居民18 岁及以上人群血脂异常患病率已经达到较高水平,血脂异常与性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、高血压、超重和肥胖有关。

Prevalence of dyslipidemia and its risk factors among residentsin Wencheng County, 2013

Objective To study the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia among inhabitants in Wencheng County in 2013. Methods A total of 4,003 residents aged 18 years and above in Wencheng County were chosen by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling in 2013. Questionnaire surveys on general condition, smoking, drinking, physical activity, diet, mental factors and so on, medical examination on weight, height and blood pressure, and biochemical detection of triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and blood sugar were conducted. Chi-square test and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of dyslipidemia. Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 45.32%, with 40.12% in men and 48.86% in women. The standardized prevalence rate by Chinese population structure in 2000 was 45.32%, and significantly higher in women (46.40%) than in men (39.43%)(χ²=29.76,P=0.000).The prevalence of dyslipidemia increased with age (χ²_trend=29.25,P=0.000).The prevalence rates of hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL-C, hypercholesterolemia and low HDL-C were 22.2%,14.9%,12.4% and 8.9% ,respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR=1.317,95%CI: 1.115-1.554, P=0.001),age (OR=1.010,95%CI: 1.005-1.016, P=0.000), occupation (OR=1.053,95%CI: 1.021-1.086, P=0.001), educational level (OR=1.146, 95%CI:1.055-1.246, P=0.001), hypertension (OR=13.094,95%CI: 11.053-15.512, P=0.000), overweight (OR=1.220,95%CI:1.022-1.457, P=0.028) and obesity (OR=2.376,95%CI: 1.524-3.704, P=0.000) were influencing factors. Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia is at a high level among residents aged 18 years old and above in Wencheng County in 2013. It is related with gender, age, occupation, educational level, hypertension, overweight and obesity.