ACTH 联合槐杞黄对大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的影响

目的 研究促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）联合槐杞黄对大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的影响。 方法 50 只大鼠按随机数字表法分为空白对照组（A 组）、泼尼松模型组（B 组）、槐杞黄组（C 组）、ACTH 组（D 组）和联合治疗组（E 组）， 每组 10 只。 B~E 组采用醋酸泼尼松水溶液 12.5 mg/（kg·d）连续灌胃 4 周建立 HPA 轴抑制模型， A 组以蒸馏水 10 mL/（kg· d）灌胃作为对照。 C、E 组每次在醋酸泼尼松灌胃后 30 min 加用槐杞黄颗粒 5 g/（kg· d）灌胃。 实验第 3 周时， D、E 组加用 ACTH 200 µg/（kg·d）皮下注射。 分别于实验开始前、实验 2 周、4 周时测定各组血清皮质醇水平。 实验结束后处死动物并摘取垂体和肾上腺， 称质量后计算脏器指数， HE 染色观察垂体和肾上腺的病理情况。 结果 实验 2 周后， B、C、D、E 组的血清皮质醇水平较 A 组明显降低（P < 0.05）， 提示造模成功。 实验 4 周时， C、 D、E 组的血清皮质醇水平较 B 组均明显升高（P < 0.05）， 且各治疗组之间 E 组>D 组>C 组（P < 0.05）； 同时 3 组的垂体和肾上腺的质量及脏器指数均较 B 组升高（P < 0.05）。 HE 染色显示各组垂体远侧部未见明显改变； B 组肾上腺皮质束状带结构变薄且紊乱， C、D、E 组则出现不同程度的增生， 以 E 组最为明显。 结论 ACTH 联合槐杞黄可促进肾上腺皮质束状带增生及皮质醇的分泌， 减轻糖皮质激素对大鼠 HPA 轴的抑制作用。

Effects of ACTH combined with Huaiqihuang on rat hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis

Objective To investigate the effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH） combined with Huaiqihuang on hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) in rats. Methods Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups according to the random number table method: normal control group (group A), prednisone group (group B), Huaiqihuang group (group C), ACTH group (group D) and combined treatment group (group E) with 10 rats in each group. Rats in group B, C, D and E were gavaged by acetic acid prednisone water solution 12.5 mg/(kg· d) for 4 weeks to establish HPA axis suppression model. Group A was given distilled water 10 mL/(kg· d) as control. Rats in group C and E were gavaged with Huaiqihuang 5 g/(kg· d) 30 minutes after intragastric administration of prednisone acetate. At the third week of the experiment, group D and E were subcutaneous injected with ACTH 200 µg/(kg· d). The serum cortisol levels were measured respectively at the start of the ex⁃ periment, 2 weeks and 4 weeks of experiment. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment, and then weights of the pituitary, adrenal glands and the viscera index were calculated. The pathological changes of the pituitary and adrenal glands were observed by HE stainning. Results After 2 weeks, the serum cortisol levels were significantly lower in group B, C, D and E than those of group A (P < 0.05), suggesting that the model was successful. After 4 weeks, the serum cortisol levels were significantly higher in group C, D and E than those of group B (P < 0.05), and between the treatment group the value was group E > group D> group C (P < 0.05). At the same time, the weights of pituitary and adrenal gland and the viscera in⁃ dex were higher in the three groups than those of B group (P < 0.05). The HE staining showed that there were no significant changes in the distal part of the pituitary gland in five groups. The adrenal cortex zona was thinning and the structure was dis⁃ ordered in group B. There were different degrees of hyperplasia in group C, group D, and group E, which was the most obvi⁃ ous in group E. Conclusion ACTH combined with Huaiqihuang can promote adrenal cortex zona hyperplasia and cortisol secretion, which reduces the glucocorticoid induced inhibition of HPA axis in rats.