乌鲁木齐市某区2014年高中毕业生身体基本状况

目的 了解乌鲁木齐市高中毕业生身体基本状况。 方法 采用整群抽样的方法,随机抽取乌鲁木齐市某区1 183名学生为研究对象,按照《普通高等学校招生体检工作指导意见》,由专业人员进行体检。 结果 男生平均BMI指数(24.02±4.74)kg/m²]高于女生平均BMI指数(22.36±3.91)kg/m²],差异有统计学意义(t=6.578,P<0.001);营养状况正常的学生人数为716人(60.52%),营养不良、超重和肥胖的学生人数分别为20人(1.69%)、224人(18.93%)和223人(18.85%),女生营养状况正常的比例高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ²=14.09,P<0.001),男生超重的比例高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ²=9.25,P=0.002);视力状况正常的学生人数为135人(11.41%),视力轻度低下、中度低下和重度低下人数分别为99人(8.37%)、110人(9.30%)和839人(70.92%),男生视力轻度低下和中度低下的比例高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.03,P=0.005;χ²=6.41,P=0.011),女生视力重度低下的比例高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ²=20.96,P<0.001)。 结论 该区高中生营养过剩(超重及肥胖)和视力低下情况严重,应加强健康教育,提高学生身体素质,改善视力状况。

Basic physical condition of high school graduates in a district of Urumqi City, 2014

Objective To investigate the basic physical condition of high school graduates in Urumqi City. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select 1,183 high school graduates in a district of Urumqi City, and physical examination was conducted by professionals according to the Guidance of Common University’s Admission and Medical Examination. Results The average body mass index (BMI) of boys was higher than that of the girls ((24.02±4.74)kg/m² vs. (22.36±3.91)kg/m²), and the difference was statistically significant (t=6.578, P<0.001). The number of students with normal nutrition status was 716 (60.52%), and the number of students with malnutrition, overweight and obesity was 20 (1.69%), 224 (18.93%) and 223 (18.85%) respectively. The proportion of girls with normal nutrition status was significantly higher than that of boys (χ²=14.09, P<0.001). The proportion of boys with overweight was significantly higher than that of girls (χ²=9.25, P=0.002). The number of students with normal eyesight was 135 (11.41%), and the numbers of students with mild, moderate and severe poor eyesight were 99 (8.37%), 110 (9.30%) and 839 (70.92%) respectively. The proportions of boys with mild and moderate poor eyesight were both significantly higher than those of girls (χ²=8.03, P=0.005; χ²=6.41, P=0.011). The proportion of girls with severe poor eyesight was significantly higher than that of boys (χ²=20.96, P<0.001). Conclusions Over-nutrition (overweight and obesity) and poor eyesight were serious among the high school students in the district in Urumqi City. It is necessary to intensify health education and improve the students’ physical quality and eyesight.