北京市海淀区1806名小学生肺活量体重指数分析

目的 肺活量体重指数是反映身体机能状况的指标之一，于2014年9~10月对北京市海淀区1 806名小学生肺活量体重指数进行计算及分析，为提高儿童青少年的健康水平提供参考。 方法 整群随机抽样法抽取北京海淀区1 806名小学生进行身高、体重及肺活量测量，按公式[肺活量/体重(ml/kg)]计算肺活量体重指数，采用t检验比较不同年龄组别，男、女生肺活量、肺活量体重指数，采用χ2检验比较不同年龄组别，男、女生肺活量体重指数不及格率及优秀率；按公式[体重/身高2(kg/m2)]计算体重指数(body mass index,BMI)，依据相应标准，判别轻体重、正常体重、超重与肥胖，比较不同体重组别间肺活量体重指数差异。 结果 共随机抽样1 806名小学生，其中男生923名，女生883名，总体上随着年龄增长，男、女生的肺活量绝对值均呈增长趋势，在同年龄组别中，除10岁年龄组外，男生肺活量均大于女生肺活量，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；在6、7、9岁年龄组别中，男生的肺活量体重指数大于女生肺活量体重指数，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，而在8、10、11岁年龄组别中，男、女生间的肺活量体重指数差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；女生的不及格比率要高于男生(8.4% vs.5.1%，P＜0.05)，而男、女生的优秀检出率比较(11.5% vs.13.4%)，差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；肺活量体重指数与BMI指数呈负相关，随BMI指数的增大肺活量指数显著降低。 结论 轻体重组和正体重组身体机能优于超重和肥胖组，提示超重及肥胖一定程度影响了体质健康发展，肺活量体重指数呈现随体重增长而下降的趋势。 

Analysis of vital capacity weight index of 1806 elementary school students from Haidian District of Beijing

Objective To analyze vital capacity weight index of 1 806 elementary school students from Haidian District,Beijing in 2014,and to provide references for improving children and adolescents' health level. Methods The cluster random sampling method was used to sample 1 806 elementary school students from Haidian District to measure their height,weight and vital capacity.The vital capacity weight index was calculated by using the formula[Vital Capacity/weight(ml/kg)].The t-test was used to compare the differences of vital capacity and vital capacity weight index between the boy group and the girl group in different age groups.Chi square test was used to compare the differences in underdeveloped rate and excellence rate.BMI value was calculated according to formula[weight/height2(kg/m2)],and the students was divided into light weight,normal weight,overweight and obesity based on corresponding standards.The difference in vital capacity weight index was compared among the groups with different BMI value. Results A total number of 1 806 elementary school students were enrolled into this study,which included 923 boys and 883 girls.The absolute vital capacity of both in boys and girls in generally increased with the age.Among the same age group,the vital capacity of boys was larger than that of girls and the difference was statistical significant(except for the age group of 10 years old),P<0.05.The difference in vital capacity weight index between boys and girls was significant in 6,7 and 9 years old groups(P<0.05),but not in 8,10 and 11 years old groups(P>0.05).The underdeveloped rate of girls was higher than that of boys(8.4% vs.5.1%),P<0.05;but the excellence rate was not significant(11.5% vs. 13.4%),P>0.05.The vital capacity weight index was negatively correlated with the BMI,and the vital capacity index declined prominently with the increase of BMI. Conclusion The physical function in lightweight and normal weight groups is superior to that in overweight and obesity groups,which indicate that overweight and obesity affect physical healthy development to some extent;the vital capacity weight index will decline with the increase of weight.