慢性鼻窦炎内窥镜手术前后鼻窦粘膜的组织学研究

通过对30例慢性鼻窦炎内窥镜鼻窦手术前后的鼻窦粘膜进行扫描电镜和透射电镜的定量研究以及组织形态的定量研究，结果发现：术前上皮结构紊乱，上皮细胞脱落，细胞表面纤毛肿胀、倒伏、断裂及脱落；杯状细胞增多；细胞内线粒体减少、肿胀。术后的上皮细胞排列整齐，纤毛数量增多，均匀；细胞内线粒体增加，其形状因子、长短袖比等计量参数与术前比较均有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。作者认为，从组织学角度来看，内窥镜鼻窦手术清除病灶彻底，解除了窦口鼻道复合体的阻塞，因此对手术后鼻窦上皮的功能恢复十分有利。另外，组织形态学研究用于对鼻窦手术后疗效的评价，也是一种较新的和较客观的方法。

Study on histology and morphology of sinus mucosa on patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis pre and post operation

The mucosa specimens taken from the maxillary sinus near the ostia were observed under scan and transmission electron microscope. Image analysis was performed from photograph under transmission electron microscope. The results showed that the cillia reduced in number and vacuole discerned between the cilliated columnar cells. The mitnchndrins swell and the cristae inside shortened and decreased in chronic sinus. The cillia of columnar epithelial cells after operation increased in number and moved in one direction. The desrnosome was found between the epithelial cells and the mitochondrins increased largely in number and their swelling subside. So we believe FESS used as a procedure to treat chronic sinusitis is successful. 3 months after surgery, the sinue cavities are covered with thin clean mucosa.