腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术止血经验介绍

目的 探讨腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术止血方法及临床效果.方法应用超声刀、双极电凝切除肾肿瘤,止血纱布块填压、生物黏合剂喷洒及肾实质创面缝合的方法对30例肾肿瘤患者行腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术,其中经腹腔途径4例.男22例,女8例.平均年龄50岁.局限性肾癌20例,肿瘤平均直径2.5(1.5～4.0)cm;肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤10例,肿瘤平均直径2.4(1.0～4.0)cm.观察手术时间、术中术后出血量、术后住院天数、并发症及手术疗效.结果 30例均完成腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术,20例未阻断肾蒂.平均手术时间169min,平均出血量100 ml,1例术中输血200 ml,另1例术后第3天发生继发性出血,腹膜后血肿,输血800 ml.未发生其他并发症.术后平均住院9 d.30例术后1个月肾功能均正常.19例肾癌患者随访1～26个月,平均9个月,肿瘤无复发. 结论 腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术时,应用超声刀、双极电凝切除肿瘤,止血纱布块填压、生物黏合剂喷洒及肾实质创面缝合法止血效果确实可靠.

Hemostatic techniques during laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of the hemostatic techniques applied during the laparoscopic nephron-spring surgery in the treatment of renal tumor. Methods Twentytwo male and 8 female patients with renal tumors underwent laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery by using the hemostatic techniques of harmonic scalpel, bipolar cautery and renal parenchyma defect suturing over surgical bolsters. Among them, 4 cases have been done transperitoneally and others have been done retroperitoneally. The mean patient age was 50 years. Of the 30 cases, 20 had renal cell cancers with a mean diameter of 2.5 cm, and 10 had renal angiomyolioma with a mean diameter of 2.4 cm. The operating time, estimated blood loss, length of postoperative hospital stay, complications and surgical results were recorded. Results All procedures were successfully completed. No case had converted to open surgery. The mean operating time was 169min and mean estimated blood loss was 100 ml. Major complications happened in 2 patients. One of them had accepted transfusion during surgery. Another case had retroperitoneal hemorrhage three days after surgery and had been treated with 800 ml blood transfusion. The mean post-operative hospital stay was 9 days. During the mean 9 month follow-up, no patient had local or trocar port site recurrence.Conclusion The hemostatic techniques of harmonic scalpel, bipolar cautery, renal parenchyma defect suturing over surgical bolsters could be effectively and safely applied in the laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery.