节育措施与生殖健康关系的探讨

目的:了解甘肃省永靖县山区已婚育龄妇女生殖健康现状,为卫生、计划生育管理部门制定政策提供科学依据。方法:采取整群抽样的方法,抽取位于山区、经济条件较差、年人均收入低于700元的杨塔、徐顶、段岭三个乡镇的已婚育龄妇女作为研究对象。利用生殖健康档案卡记录资料,依个人采取的避孕节育措施,分为输卵管结扎、置器、其他方法(口服避孕药、避孕套)3组,进行统计分析。结果:在调查的2174名对象中,有1543人(70.98％)采取了输卵管结扎术节育,以宫内节育器(IUD)避孕者有608人(27.97％),而采用口服避孕药、避孕套等避孕者仅有23人(1.05％)。常规妇科检查,确诊患有妇科疾病的人数为1388人,平均患病率为63.85％。输卵管结扎、置器、其他方法3组患病率经统计学检验,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:永靖县已婚育龄妇女妇科疾病患病率较高,发病率与采取的节育措施无关。建议有关部门增加医疗卫生保健服务的投入;加强对农村医疗卫生及计划生育工作者的业务培训,开展优质服务;对育龄妇女加强生殖健康知识的宣传教育,提高其自我保健意识,促进生殖健康。

Relations between Contraceptions and Female Reproductive Health.

Objective: To study the reproductive health care situation among married child - bearing women in Yongjing Coun-ty of Gansu province and to provide scientific basis for the management of family planning. Method: According to random clus-ter sampling , we investigate married child - bearing women from three villages named YangtaXulingDuanling . The women were divided into tubal ligation group、inserting device group and the other (e. g. oral contraceptive、 condom) three groups ac-cording to the recorded data from the physical examination. Results: 1543 ones( 70. 98% ) of the 2174 married child - bearing womens accepted tubal ligation operation. 608 ones (27. 97% ) choice IUD and only 23 ones (1.05% ) had oral contraceptive or used condoms. 1388 women really had gynopathy and the average disease incidence was 63. 85%. There was no significant difference in three groups ( P > 0. 05 ) . Conclusion: It was no relationship between used contraceptions and higher disease in-cidence among married child - bearing women in Yongjing . It suggested that we should strengthen medical and health care , train family planning workers, develop service of good quality, publicize reproductive health for child - bearing women. , im-prove self - care consciousness and promote Reproductive Health.