早产儿视网膜病的影响因素

目的 探讨早产儿视网膜病(ROP)的影响因素.方法 选择本院患ROP早产儿为观察组,32周以下的早产儿为对照组,对2组患儿胎龄、出生体质量、出生方式、性别、多胎、使用呼吸机时间、休克、呼吸暂停、新生儿寒冷损伤综合征、肺透明膜病(Ⅲ级以上)、严重感染、肺出血及并发症合计数等临床资料进行单因素分析,并对有意义的因素进行多因素Logistic分析.结果 本资料共有早产儿358例,胎龄均小于32周.ROP 34例,其中Ⅰ期13例,Ⅱ期18例,Ⅲ期3例.二组患儿窒息、呼吸暂停、新生儿寒冷损伤综合征、肺透明膜病、严重感染、肺出血等并发症的发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(Pa<0.05),并发症合计数(OR=2.152,P=0.048)、使用呼吸机时间(OR=1.514,P=0.009)是危险因素.结论 早产儿ROP的发生率和发生并发症的多少及使用呼吸机的时间长短有关.在临床工作中要更多关注并发症的情况.

Risk Factors for Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Infants

Objective To investigate the risk factors for development of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) in preterm infants.Methods Neonates with the gestation age of less than 32 weeks were enrolled.Infants with ROP were assigned as ROP group,and the infants with non-ROP were control group.The clinical data were respectively studied,including the gestation age,birth weight,birth method,sex,superfoetation,mechanical ventilation time,shock,apnea,neonatal cold injury syndrome,hyaline membrane disease(no less than grade Ⅲ),severe infection,pneumorrhagia and total numbers of complications.Risk factors for ROP were assessed by using univariate analysis and Binary Logistic regression analysis.Results Thirty-four cases of ROP were detected in 358 preterm infants with the gestation age of less than 32 weeks.There were 13 cases for grade Ⅰ,18 cases for grade Ⅱ and 3 cases for grade Ⅲ.The incidences of neonatal asphyxia,apnea,neonatal cold injury syndrome,hyaline membrane disease,severe infection,pneumorrhagia in ROP group were significantly higher than those in control group(Pa<0.05).The complication amount(OR=2.152,P=0.048) and mechanical ventilation time(OR=1.514,P=0.009) were high risk factors associated with the development of ROP.Conclusions The development of ROP is higher in the preterm infants with more complications and longer mechanical ventilation time.Clinical complications in the preterm infants must be closely observed.