藏药多刺绿绒蒿的化学和药理学研究进展

多刺绿绒蒿是罂粟科绿绒蒿属的一种高山植物,局限分布于喜马拉雅山区域。多刺绿绒蒿既是一种珍稀高山花卉,又是一种藏族传统习用药材,为40余种藏药复方所收录,其具有清热止痛、活血化瘀等功效,用于骨折、跌打损伤、胸背疼痛等症。现代研究表明多刺绿绒蒿含有生物碱、黄酮、萜类等成分,初步药理研究证明其具有一定抗肿瘤、抗病毒、心肌保护等功效。然而受多种因素影响,当前对多刺绿绒蒿的研究还面临不少挑战。该文对多刺绿绒蒿的生态资源、传统药效、化学成分和药理作用研究进行归纳总结,以期为多其生态保护和应用研究,提供有益参考。

Advance of a representative traditional Tibetan medicine Meconopsis horridula on its phytochemical and pharmacological aspects

Meconopsis horridula is one of alpine plants belonging to family Papaveraceae, mainly distributed in Himalaya Range area. M. horridula is a rare alpine flower, and is a kind of traditional Tibetan medicine, which has been included in more than 40 compound formulae, having efficacies of clearing away heat and alleviating pain, activating blood circulation to remove stasis, traditionally used for the treatment of fractures, injuries, and chest and back pains. Modern research shows that the whole plant of M. horridula contains alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenes, and its pharmacological activities including antitumor, antivirus and myocardial protection etc. However, due to various factors, the current research of M.horridula still faces many challenges. This paper summaries herein a progress of MH on its ecological resources, traditional uses, and studies on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects, hopefully to provide a useful reference for the ecological protection and applications.