老年脑梗死患者医院感染的易感因素分析

目的 总结老年脑梗死患者医院感染的临床特征及易感因素.方法 采用回顾性调查方法,分析2011年1月至2013年6月干部病房住院≥60岁的302例脑梗死患者的临床资料,统计医院感染发生率并分析其影响因素.结果 在302例脑梗死患者中,发生医院感染46例,发生率为15.23％.感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占60.87％ （28/46）;其次是泌尿系,占21.74％ （10/46）.患者年龄大、住院时间长、意识障碍、有侵入性操作以及使用多种抗生素是导致老年脑梗死患者发生医院感染的易感因素（x2值分别为5.720、11.517、5.185、4.218、11.931,P均＜0.05）.结论 关注老年脑梗死患者医院感染的易感因素,尽快控制病情,缩短住院时间,减少侵袭性操作,合理使用抗生素,可降低医院感染发生率.

Risk factors for nosocomial infection in elder patients with cerebral infarction

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection （NI） in elder patients with cerebral infarction Methods A retrospective study was performed.Three hundred and two patients over 60 years old with cerebral infarction were selected as our subjects,who were in a cadre ward from Jan.2011 to Jun.2013.The incidence rate of NI and the predisposing factors of NI were investigated.Results Of 302 patients with cerebral infarction,46 cases developed NI and the incidence was 15.23%.The most common site of NI was lower respiratory tract infection,counting for 60.87% （28/46）,followed by urinary tract infection（21.74% （10/46））.The risk factors of NI included age,prolonged hospitalization,disturbance of consciousness,invasive operation and the use of antibiotics （x2 =5.720,11.517,5.185,4.218,11.931 ; P 〈 0.05）.Conclusion The clinical staff should pay close attention to the risk factors of NI in elder patients with cerebral infarction.The methods include controlling the disease as soon as possible,shortening hospital stays,reducing invasive operation and the rational use of antibiotics can reduce the incidence of NI.