Preventive pacemaker stimulation in atrial fibrillation

Preventive pacing algorithms and the use of alternative or multifocal pacing sides are new approaches for treatment of paroxysmal atrial tachyarrhythmias. However, present data are not sufficient to define a new indication for pacemaker implantation in patients with refractory atrial fibrillation. Yet, preventive pacing should be predominantly performed either in patients with an established pacemaker indication or during controlled study projects. In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, biatrial overdrive pacing using temporary epicardial wires can be recommended for prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation.