不同产地西洋参种质遗传多样性的RAPD和ISSR分析

目的采用RAPD和ISSR分子标记技术对我国10个产地的西洋参Panax quinquefolium的遗传多样性进行分析。方法以人参及加拿大西洋参为对照,采用CTAB法提取基因组DNA,选取13个RAPD随机引物及12个ISSR引物对样品进行PCR扩增,根据条带数目,应用NTSYS-pc2.10e软件采用UPGMA方法进行聚类分析。结果 13条RAPD引物共扩增出97条清晰条带,多态性条带81,多态性百分率为85.51%;12条ISSR引物共扩增出99条清晰条带,多态性条带64,多态性百分率为64.65%;通过聚类分析,RAPD及RAPD+ISSR综合将样品聚为4大类;ISSR将样品聚为2大类。结论 RAPD和ISSR标记构建的样品聚类树状图在分类上稍有差异,但总体趋势一致。人参与西洋参被明显区分开来;在ISSR上,吉林兴参镇与北岗镇西洋参与人参聚为一大类;在生长环境及种植条件影响下,东北部分产地西洋参与加拿大西洋参相比在遗传多样性上有所改变。

RAPD and ISSR analyses of genetic diversity of American ginseng germplasm from different habitats in China

Objective To analyze the genetic diversity of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) produced in 10 regions of China by usting RAPD and ISSR. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted by CTAB and the following two kinds of ginseng were used as controls which are ginseng (P. ginseng) produced in China and American ginseng produced in Canada. Thirteen RAPD primers and 12 ISSR primers were selected to perform PCR amplification. According to the band number, NTSYS-pc2.10e software was applied to the cluster analysis using UPGMA. Results Thirteen RAPD primers had amplified 97 clear bands, 81 polymorphic bands, and the percentage of polymorphism was 85.51%; Twelve ISSR primers had amplified 99 clear bands, 64 polymorphic bands, and the percentage of polymorphism was 64.65%; Through cluster analysis, the samples were clustered into four categories by RAPD and RAPD + ISSR and two categories by ISSR. Conclusion RAPD and ISSR markers are used to construct a dendrogram of samples, which is slightly different in classification, but the overall trend is consistent. Ginseng and American ginseng are clear distinction. On the ISSR, American ginseng from Xingshen Town and Beigang Town in Jilin province are gathered for a major categories with ginseng. In the growing environment and planting conditions, the genetic diversity of American ginseng has been changed in the part of northeast China compared with Canada.