2010—2011年西城区（南区）手足口病原监测结果分析

目的对2010—2011年北京市两城区（_幸j区）手足口病患者进行肠道病毒病原体检测，分析肠道病毒病原学特征，为手足口病防控提供科学依据。方法采集医疗机构临床诊断为手足r1病患者咽拭子和粪便标本共418份，应用Realtime—PCR检测咽拭子标本病毒核酸；并对粪便标本进行病毒分离。结果418份标本中，肠道病毒总体检出率为53．59％（224／418）。2010年咽拭子标本未分型肠道病毒阳性枪出率（36．26％）高于2011年（16．89％），结果差别有统计学意义（X^2=13．80，P〈0．005）；2011年咽拭子标本CoxA16型病毒阳性检出率（26．03％）高于2010年（10．99％），差别有统计学意义（x^2=8．58，P〈0．005）。分别比较两年采集的咽拭子标本，发病3大内和3天以上采集的标本检出率差异均有统计学意义（2010年：x^2=5．85，P〈0．05；2011年：X^2=15．26，P〈0．005）。结论引起北京市西城区（南区）手足口病流行的主要肠道病原体，2010年为未分型肠道病毒，2011年为CoxA16。在发病3天内采集患者咽拭子标本，有助于提高病毒检出率。

Analysis of HFMD surveillance from 2010 to 2011 in Xicheng South District

Objective To find the aetiology characteristics from Hand-foot-mouth Disease （HFMD） cases in Xicheng South District of Beijing from 2010 to 2011, and analyse the distribution of enterovirus serotypes, provide a scientific basis for HFMD prevention and control work. Methods The medical institutions and clinical diagnosis of cases information were collected. Throat swabs and faecal samples of 418 cases were also eellected. Reatime RT-PCR technology was used to detect viral nucleic acid. We isolated virus from faecal samples. Results The enterovirus detection positive rate was 53.59% （224/418）. Comparing 2010 with 2011 , non-typeable enterovirus detection rate in throat swab specimens was higher in 2010 （X^2 = 13.80, P 〈 0.005 ）, CoxA 16 was higher in 2011 （ X^2 = 8.58, P 〈 0. 005 ）. There were significant difference （2010 ： X^2 = 5.85, P 〈 0.05 ;2011 ： X^2 = 15.26, P 〈 0.005 ） in detection positive rate between specimens collected within 3 days and more than 3 days. Conclusion The main reason of epidemic enterovirus for HFMD was non-typeable enterovirus in 2010, Coxsackie A16 type in 2011. To collect throat swab samples within 3 days will improve virus detection rate.