社区治疗在劳教戒毒中的应用——湖南模式

目的··:评估社区康复治疗对劳教系统吸毒者的疗效 ,探索适合劳教系统对吸毒人员的康复治疗模式。方法··:以湖南省新开铺劳教所入教大队的91名吸毒劳教人员为对照 ,对戒毒大队的87名吸毒劳教人员先后进行了为期至少6个月的社区康复训练 ,它是以康复对象的需求为中心 ,强调康复对象的参与和反复练习 ,进行预防复吸、保持戒断状态的各种康复训练 ,以成瘾行为严重度指数表 (ASI)作为疗效评估的主要工具 ,随访了两组在解教后3个月的康复情况。结果··:劳动教养和康复训练对改善吸毒者的海洛因滥用程度、违法犯罪、家庭社会关系及精神健康等均有积极作用 ,康复组在海洛因滥用的程度、违法犯罪、家庭社会关系、职业功能和精神健康方面比劳教组有更大程度的改善。结·论· :劳动教养和社区康复训练都是对吸毒者有效的康复措施 ,在劳教基础上增加社区康复训练可更大程度地促进海洛因依赖者康复。

TC BASED REHABILITATION PROGRAM IN THE TREATMENT OF HEROIN ADDICTS IN CORRECTION CAMPS

Objective: To explore a rehabilitation model in correction camps and assess the efficacy of a TC based rehabilitation program for heroin addicts. Method: With 91 heroin addicts in the Entrance Branch as the controls, a total number of 87 heroin addicts in the Detoxification Branch took part in the TC based rehabilitation program which lasted at least 6 months. The rehabilitation program was designed based on their needs, and stressed on the target group's participation and practice. A variety of methods were used to shape the addicts' behavior and thoughts, and life skills to prevent relapse and maintain abstinence. A follow-up was carried out in 3 months after their release from the correction camp. Result: Both the TC based rehabilitation program and the reform through labor were effective on reducing heroin abuse, criminal activities and psychiatric problems and improving family and social function. The former proved better effect. Conclusion: Both TC based rehabilitation program and the reform through labor can help heroin addicts to rehabilitate with the former in the superiority.