昏迷（闭证）临床方药用量特点的文献研究

收集古今昏迷（闭证）病的医案,对治疗昏迷（闭证）病的方药使用和剂量进行统计分析,得出从古至今治疗昏迷（闭证）病有几个趋势：1古今均以至宝丹、小续命汤、安宫牛黄丸等凉肝熄风化痰、清心醒脑开窍、化痰解毒、助阳祛风为主的汤剂方剂的使用为多,古代医家较多著作中昏迷（闭证）医案方中包含芳香开窍醒神、行气温中、燥湿化痰、清热解毒安神的三生饮、通关散、苏合香丸、牛黄丸、二陈汤加味、摄生饮等方剂,而期刊论文昏迷（闭证）医案中有了自制方和中西药合用的出现。2古今均常用燥湿化痰开窍、平肝潜阳熄风、清热凉血安神、养阴生津、化瘀止血类药物;由古代医家偏重化痰开窍、益气养阴,而转变为现代的偏重泻下攻积、清热泻火。3从古至今治疗昏迷（闭证）病方剂的药味数有所增加,常用药物的剂量有所增加,总药量呈增加趋势。

Literature Research about Dosage Characteristic of Block Syndrome

According collecting the ancient and modem coma cases, several trends of the formulae and doses of treatment were found through statistical analysis in this paper ： （1）Both in the past and at present, the formulae of cooling liver, extinguishing wind - phlegm, clearing away heart - fire, awaking brain, inducing resuscitation, eliminating phlegm to detoxify, supporting Yang and dispelling wind like Zhibao Pill ,Xiaoxuming Decoction, Angong Niuhuang Pill were more used. In the ancient times, the formulae of opening the orifices with aroma, moving qi to warm the middle, drying damp - phlegm, clearing away heat and toxic materials and tranquilizing the mind were more used, such as Sansheng Liquid, Tong- guan Powder, Styrax Pill, Bezoar Pill,Erchen Decoction and Shesheng Liquid. However at modem times,the doctors＇ own innovative formulae which combined Chinese and western medicine were found. （2）In all ages, the commonly - used herbs were that for drying damp -phlegm, inducing resuscitation, subduing liver Yang, extinguishing wind, clearing heat, cooling blood, tranquilizing the mind, nourishing Yin, engendering fluid and stopping bleeding. The focus of ancient physicians on resolving phlegm to open the orifices, tonifying qi and nourishing Yin transformed to laying particular stress on removing accumulation with purgation and clearing heat - fire in modem times. （3）From ancient to modern times, the herbs and dosage of treating coma were increased gradually.