Attitudes of parents towards influenza vaccine in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A multilevel analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt;2. Biostatistics and Demography Department, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Egypt;3. Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt;4. Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Egypt;5. Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt;6. Family Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt;1. Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Inc., BDA, Beijing, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;3. School of Chemical and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;1. Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, Japan;2. Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan;3. Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, Japan;4. Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan;1. Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia;2. Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia;3. School of Medicine, University of Western Australia and Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia;4. PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA, Australia;5. School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, WA, Australia;6. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, ANU College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia;1. Transport and Road Safety (TARS) Research Centre, School of Aviation, University of New South Wales, Australia;2. Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;3. Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh;4. Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh;5. Department of Sociology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh;6. School of Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia;7. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States;8. Global Health Workforce Network (GHWN), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland;9. School of Mathematics, Physics, and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia;1. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundSeasonal influenza vaccines (SIVs) can protect against influenza and substantially reduce the risk of influenza-related hospitalizations and fatalities in children. This study aimed to assess parental attitudes towards SIVs in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR).MethodsThrough an anonymous online survey conducted in 19 countries in the EMR, parents or caregivers over 18 years who had at least one child above 6 months filled out the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines questionnaire. As data had two levels; country and individual factors, we utilized multilevel binary logistic regression models.ResultsIn total, 6992 respondents filled out the questionnaire. Of them, 47.4 % were residents of middle-income countries, 72.4 % of the mothers were between 26 and 45 years old, 56.5 % had at least a university degree, and approximately 51.6 % were unemployed. Nearly 50.8 % of the respondents were hesitant to vaccinate their children against seasonal influenza. Parental attitudes towards seasonal influenza vaccination differed significantly between countries, p < 0.001. The main predictors of parental seasonal influenza vaccine hesitancy (VH) were parents vaccination (odds ratio (OR) = 0.42, 95 % CI = 0.32–0.55, p < 0.001)), the mother's education if mother educated vs. who did not receive any education (OR ranged from 0.48 to 0.64, p < 0.05), living in low-income countries (OR = 0.52, 95 % CI = 0.35–0.77, p < 0.01), mountain residence (0.69, 95 % CI = 0.49–0.99, p < 0.05), health workers as a source of information (OR = 0.70, 95 % CI = 0.58–0.85, p < 0.001), children vaccination against COVID-19 (OR = 0.52, 95 % CI = 0.41–0.65, p < 0.001), not receiving routine vaccinations (OR = 1.93, 95 % CI = 1.09–3.44, p = 0.025), and if parents respondents could not remember whether their child had suffered from seasonal influenza in the previous year (OR = 1.57, 95 % CI = 1.33–1.84, p < 0.001).ConclusionA high seasonal influenza VH rate was found in the EMR. Health authorities should implement different interventions targeting the identified modifiable risk factor to increase vaccine uptake among children, especially those at risk of complication from seasonal influenza infection. |
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| Keywords: | Seasonal influenza vaccine Parental vaccine hesitancy PACV EMR Multilevel analysis Akaike information criterion Bayesian information criterion Confidence Interval Coronavirus disease 2019 Eastern Mediterranean region health care workers Odds Ratio Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines United Arab Emirates Vaccine hesitancy World Health Organization Seasonal influenza vaccines |
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