Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States;2. Center on Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, Providence Veterans Administration Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States;3. Division of Infectious Diseases, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States;4. Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States;5. Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States;6. Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland VA, United States;7. Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States;8. East Side Clinical Laboratory, East Providence, RI, United States;9. Brown University School of Public Health Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Providence, RI, United States;10. Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States |
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| Abstract: | We examined whether the second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster increased antibody levels and their neutralizing activity to Omicron variants in nursing home residents (NH) residents and healthcare workers (HCW). We sampled 376 NH residents and 63 HCW after primary mRNA vaccination, first and second boosters, for antibody response and pseudovirus neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) (Wuhan-Hu-1) strain, Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants. Antibody levels and neutralizing activity progressively increased with each booster but subsequently waned over 3–6 months. NH residents, both those without and with prior infection, had a robust geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 8.1 (95% CI 4.4, 14.8) and 7.8 (95% CI 4.8, 12.9) respectively in Omicron-BA.1 subvariant specific neutralizing antibody levels following the second booster vaccination (p < 0.001). These results support the ongoing efforts to ensure that both NH residents and HCW are up-to-date on recommended SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster doses. |
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| Keywords: | COVID-19 Omicron Antibody response SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Nursing homes |
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