Expression and function of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 2 in cleft palate induced by retinoic acid |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China;1. Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China;2. Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui, China;3. Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui, China;1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock Rd, Crosshouse, Kilmarnock KA2 0BE, UK;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK;3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Stirling Rd, Larbert FK5 4WR, UK;4. Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock Rd, Crosshouse, Kilmarnock KA2 0BE, UK;5. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK;6. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK;7. Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK |
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| Abstract: | Cleft palate is a common maxillofacial congenital malformation, and its mechanism still has not been fully illustrated. Recently, lipid metabolic defects have been observed in cleft palate. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 2 (Pnpla2) is an important lipolytic gene. However, its effect on the formation of cleft palate remains unknown. In this research, we explored the expression of Pnpla2 in the palatal shelves of control mice. We also studied mice with cleft palates induced by retinoic acid and its effect on the embryonic palatal mesenchyme (EPM) cells phenotype. We found that Pnpla2 was expressed in the palatal shelves of both the cleft palate and control mice. Pnpla2 expression was lower in cleft palate mice than in the control mice. Experiments with EPM cells showed that knockdown of Pnpla2 inhibited cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, Pnpla2 is linked to palatal development. We have indicated that low expression of Pnpla2 affects palatogenesis by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of EPM cells. |
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| Keywords: | Cleft palate Patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2 (Pnpla2) Embryonic palatal mesenchyme (EPM) |
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