PD-1/PD-L1在小细胞肺癌中的临床研究进展

小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)恶性程度高,具有强侵袭性、快速增长及早期转移等特点。初始治疗对化疗和放疗较敏感,但易复发且预后差。免疫检测点抑制剂程序性死亡分子-1(programmed death-1,PD-1)和程序性死亡分子1配体(pro-grammed death-ligand 1,PD-L1)拮抗剂,通过激活T细胞对肿瘤细胞的免疫应答,在SCLC的临床研究中均获得了很好的疗效,有望成为治疗SCLC的主要手段。本文旨在阐述PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在SCLC治疗中的研究进展,同时,比较肿瘤突变负荷(tumormutation burden,TMB)与PD-L1表达作为生物标记物在SCLC的作用。

Research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 in small cell lung cancer

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a high degree of malignancy and is characterized by strong invasiveness, rapid growth, and early metastasis. SCLC is sensitive to initial treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but it can easily relapse and has a poor prognosis. Both programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antagonists activate the immune response of tumor cells by activating T cells, and have shown exciting curative effects in clinical studies of SCLC, thereby becoming powerful potential agents to treat SCLC in the future. This article aims to illustrate the progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of SCLC, as well as the role of PD-L1 expression and tumor mutation burden (TMB) as a biomarker in SCLC.