长沙市2007—2016年血吸虫病监测结果分析

目的 分析2007—2016年长沙市血吸虫病疫情状况和变化趋势,评估当前防治策略的实施效果,查找薄弱环节,为制定全市血吸虫病防治策略提供参考。方法 收集2007—2016年螺情监测、人群监测、家畜监测、防治措施等相关信息进行分析,对防治策略的实施效果进行评价。结果 2007—2016年长沙市有螺环境、钉螺面积、存栏耕牛数呈现下降趋势,2016年有螺环境、钉螺面积和存栏耕牛数分别较2007年相比下降93.07%、58.12%、43.70%,人群查病血检阳性率、粪检阳性率均处于较低水平,未发现感染性家畜,累计药物灭螺6 113.07 hm²、环改灭螺2 519.44 hm²、累计消灭钉螺面积641.03 hm²。结论 为实现2025年消除血吸虫病的目标,长沙市应继续坚持以传染源控制为主的防控策略,加大环改灭螺力度,强化巩固监测体系,继续做好重点人群查治病及健康教育工作。

Surveillance data analysis of schistosomiasis in Changsha, 2007- 2016

Objective To analyze the status and trends of schistosomiasis epidemic in Changsha City from 2007 to 2016, assess the effectiveness of current prevention and control strategies, and find weak links, so as to provide reference for the development of schistosomiasis control strategies in the city. Methods The information of snail monitoring, crowd monitoring, livestock monitoring, and prevention and control measures from 2007 to 2016 were collected and analyzed to evaluate the effect of prevention and control strategies. Results From 2007 to 2016, Changsha City detected a decrease trend in the snail environment, snail area, and the number of cattle. In 2016, the snail environment, snail area, and cattle population were reduced by 93.07%, 58.12%, and 43.70%, respectively, compared to 2007. Rate of positive blood test and positive rate of fecal disease in the crowd were all at a relatively low level. No infected livestock were found. The accumulated drug extermination rate was 6 113.07 hm², the ring transformation eliminated snail was 2 519.44 hm², and the total snail snail area was 641.03 hm². Conclusion In order to achieve the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis in 2025, Changsha City should continue to adhere to the prevention and control strategies based on the control of the source of infection, increase the intensity of environmental improvement and molluscicidal control, strengthen the consolidation of monitoring systems, and continue to do inspections and treatment of diseases and education in key groups.