经皮冠状动脉介入术后冠心病患者健康促进行为与健康信念的相关性研究

目的 探讨冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入术后患者健康促进行为与健康信念的相关性,为指导患者形成正确的健康信念和健康促进行为提供依据。方法 以2015年6月至2016年6月在海南省中医院行PCI手术的所有患者为调查对象,应用一般情况调查表、改良健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ（HPLPⅡ）及健康信念量表对患者术后健康促进行为及健康信念状况进行调查。分析健康促进行为与健康信念的影响因素及相关性。结果 共对104例成功行PCI手术的冠心病患者进行调查,其中男性70例,女性34例,平均（55.72 ± 13.69）岁,病程平均（78.64 ± 31.57）个月,BMI平均为（27.67 ± 3.46）。多元线性回归分析结果显示：性别与文化程度是影响PCI术后患者健康信念的主要因素（β=7.165、4.856,P<0.05或P<0.01）;文化程度、家庭人均月收入、BMI是影响PCI术后患者健康促进行为的主要因素（β=5.114、3.625、8.160,均P<0.05）。PCI术后冠心病患者健康促进行为与健康信念呈正相关（r=0.216）;感知到严重性评分与自我实现、运动锻炼得分呈负相关（r=-0.213、-0.236）,感知健康行为益处评分与健康促进行为得分及自我实现、营养、压力管理3个维护评分呈正相关（r=0.238、0.246、0.279）,健康动力与健康促进行为总分及各维度评分呈正相关（r=0.358、0.374、0.326、0.204、0.304、0.318、0.301）。结论 健康信念与PCI术后冠心病患者的健康促进行为具有一定的相关性,感知健康行为益处越大,维护健康动力越强,其健康促进行为水平就越高。

Correlation between health promotion behavior and health belief of patients with coronary heart disease after PCI

Objective To investigate the correlation between health promotion behavior and health belief of patients with coronary heart disease （CHD） after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Methods All patients who underwent PCI in Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled. The health promotion behavior and health beliefs of patients after PCI were investigated by general situation questionnaire,the improved health promoting lifestyle scale Ⅱ （HPLP Ⅱ） and health belief scale. Factors influencing health promotion behavior and health beliefs and their correlation were analyzed. Results A total of 104 patients who underwent PCI were investigated, including 70 males and 34 females, with an average age of （55.72 ± 13.69） years. The average duration of disease was （78.64 ± 31.57） months and average body mass index （BMI）was（27.67 ± 3.46）. The multiple stepwise regression model showed that gender and education level were main factors influencing the health beliefs of patients after PCI （β=7.165, 4.856,P<0.05 or P<0.01）; the education level, per capita monthly income of families, and BMI were main factors influencing the health-promoting behaviors of patients after PCI （β=5.114, 3.625, 8.160; P<0.05 for all）. The health promotion behavior was positively correlated with health beliefs in patients with CHD after PCI （r=0.216）; perceived severity score was negatively correlated with self-actualization and physical exercise scores （r =-0.213, -0.236）; perceived health benefit score was positively correlated with the overall scores of health promotion behavior and self-actualization, nutrition and stress management （r=0.238, 0.246, 0.279）; the healthy motivation was positively correlated with total score of health promotion behavior and the score of each dimension （r=0.358, 0.374, 0.326, 0.204, 0.304, 0.318, 0.301）. Conclusion Health beliefs was correlated with health promotion behaviors of patients with CHD after PCI; the greater the perceived benefit of health behavior and the stronger the motivation to maintain the health, the higher the level of health promotion behavior.