潍坊市2015—2017年市售苹果中农药残留状况和膳食暴露分析

目的 了解2015—2017年潍坊市市售苹果中农药残留状况并开展膳食暴露分析。方法 2015—2017年分群随机采集市售苹果样品303份,根据山东省疾控中心统一安排监测的农药项目监测包括有机磷类、氨基甲酸酯类、拟除虫菊酯类三大类共21种农药;依据GB2763-2012《食品中农药最大残留限量》对检测结果进行评价。结果 三年共抽检苹果样品303份,农残检出率为15.5%;超标率为2.64%。其中毒死蜱检出率最高,为11.6%,联苯菊酯超标率最高,为1.98%。不同采样地点农药残留的检出率与超标率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。膳食摄入风险评估结果显示潍坊市售苹果中被检出的8种农药残留引起的膳食摄入风险均在可接受范围内。结论 潍坊市市售苹果中农药残留超标率较低,但克百威作为农业部禁用的高毒农药被发现超标使用,应引起相关部门高度重视。

Current situation and dietary exposure assessment of pesticide residues in apple in Weifang, 2015- 2017

Objective To study the current situation of pesticide residue in apple in Weifang City from 2015 to 2017, and then analyze level of risk for Weifang residents.Methods Totally 303 apple samples were collected randomly for the detection of 21 indicators including organ phosphorus, parathyroids and carbamates pesticides following the arrange of CDC of Shandong Province. Food Safety National Standard of Pesticides Residue GB2763-2012 was used for the judging criteria.Results A total of 303 samples were detected in three years, with the detection and exceeding standard rates were 15.5% and 2.64%. The detection rate(11.6%) of chlorpyrifos was highest while the excessive rate(1.98%) of bifenthrin pesmethrin was highest. There were not significantly statistic difference between the detection rate and the excessive rate in different sampling sites.The results of diatery intaking assessment presented that the dietary intaking risk which resulting from 8 kinds of pesticide residues in marketed apples was within the acceptable range in Weifang.Conclusion sAlthough the pesticide residues’ exceeding rates of commercial apple remain the lower level in Weifang, Carbofuran as a high-toxic pesticide unequivocally prohibited by Ministry of Agriculture were used exceed the standard, so the relevant departments should pay attention to it..