银川市城区小学生身体姿态异常及相关因素分析

目的 了解银川市城区小学生身体姿态异常发生率及影响因素，为小学生身体姿态异常防治工作提供依据。方法 采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，抽取银川市城区9所学校的1 947名7～12岁小学生为研究对象，采用Body Style(Model.S-8.0)仪器进行身体姿态异常筛查，并自行设计问卷调查相关因素。结果 银川市城区小学生身体姿态综合评分为(22.07±2.87)分，异常检出率为71.29%;身体姿态异常检出率在性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)上组间差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为9.84,13.47,6.46,P值均<0.05),具体表现为女童(73.54%)高于男童(69.07%);7～8岁(68.24%)低于9～10岁(72.17%)和11～12岁(73.54%);肥胖儿童异常检出率(74.91%)高于超重(72.64%)和正常(70.28%)儿童。不良体态指标中，高低肩(40.73%)、骨盆前倾(39.39%)、X/O型腿(38.57%)的检出率较高；总体身体姿态异常分级的构成，表现出轻度(54.32%)高于中度(37.82%)和重度(7.85%)。多...

Related factors of abnormal body posture among urban primary school students in Yinchuan

  Objective  To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of abnormal body posture among urban primary school students in Yinchuan City, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of abnormal body posture.  Methods  A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 1 947 urban primary school students aged 7-12 years from 9 schools in Yinchuan City. Body Style(Model.S-8.0) instrument was used to screen abnormal body posture and questionnaire was designed to investigate related factors.  Results  The comprehensive body posture score of urban primary school students in Yinchuan City was(22.07±2.87), and the detection rate of abnormal posturing was 71.29%;which varied significantly by gender, age, body mass index (BMI)(χ2=9.84, 13.47, 6.46, P < 0.05). Specially, the rate of girls (73.54%) was higher than that of boys(69.07%); the abnormal rate of children aged 7-8(68.24%) was lower than that of 9-10(72.17%) and 11-12(73.54%); obese children (74.91%) was higher than that of overweight (72.64%) and normal weight children(70.28%). The high and low shoulders (40.73%), pelvis forward (39.39%) and X/O legs (38.57%) were the most common indicators of abnormal posture; the composition of the overall body posture abnormalities was higher in mild (54.32%) than moderate (37.82%) and severe (7.85%).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that girls(OR=1.23), being older(9-10 years old OR=1.89, 11-12 years old OR=2.48), overweight (OR=1.39) and obesity(OR=2.34), occasionally participate in physical exercise (OR=2.96), exercise duration < 30 minutes daily (OR=2.77), video duration ≥2 h daily (OR=2.84), almost no dairy products (OR=1.79), almost no food Fish consumption (OR=1.77), almost no vegetables (OR=2.14), drinking carbonated beverages daily (OR=2.97), and sleeping time < 6 h daily (OR=2.56) were the related factors of body posture development of urban primary school students(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The abnormal body posture of urban primary school students in Yinchuan City is prevalent, which is related to the timely length of physical exercise, nutrition, video screen and sleep duration, and should be paid enough attention.