C1GALT1在恶性肿瘤中的相关研究进展

糖基化是蛋白质翻译后修饰的一种重要方式，而异常的蛋白质O-糖基化被认为是恶性肿瘤的一种潜在标志物。核心1β13-半乳糖基转移酶1（core 1 β1-3 galactosyltransferase 1，C1GALT1）为合成黏蛋白型O-聚糖的核心1（core 1）结构的必需酶，其作用是将半乳糖（Gal）转移至GalNAcαSer/Thr上形成Galβ1-3GalNAcαSer/Thr结构。C1GALT1在呼吸系统、胃肠系统和泌尿生殖系统等多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展中发挥重要作用，调控多种肿瘤相关蛋白的O-糖基化修饰，不仅参与了肿瘤的增殖、侵袭转移、放疗抵抗及耐药等恶性表型的调控，还与患者的临床病理特征及预后密切相关。本文对C1GALT1在恶性肿瘤中最新研究进展进行综述，并探讨C1GALT1作为治疗靶点的前景。 

Advances in the role of C1GALT1 in human solid tumors

Glycosylation is an important post-translational modification of proteins; proteins with abnormal O-glycosylation are considered potential markers for malignant tumors. C1GALT1, the core 1β1, 3-galactosyltransferase, is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of the core 1 structure of mucin-type O-glycans. The function of C1GALT1 is to transfer galactose (Gal) to form the Galβ1-3GalNAcαSer/Thr structure. It was found that C1GALT1 played important roles in the development and progression of various malignant tumors such as respiratory, gastrointestinal and urogenital cancers and could regulate O-glycosylation of multiple tumor-associated proteins. Furthermore, C1GALT1 was not only involved in regulating the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, radiotherapy resistance and drug resistance of tumors, but also closely related to the clinical characteristics and prognosis of cancer patients. This review summarizes the recent advances in researches investigating the role of C1GALT1 in malignant tumors and discusses the prospects of using C1GALT1 as a therapeutic target.