放射性肠炎的诊疗进展

放射性肠炎（radiation enteritis，RE）是因腹部、盆腔恶性肿瘤放疗引起的肠道并发症。RE呈现长期、间歇性加重的便血、里急后重等症状，严重时可以出现肠道穿孔、梗阻，给患者身体、心理和经济带来巨大负担。随着恶性肿瘤发病率的升高，放射治疗应用越来越广泛，RE发病率也随之逐年升高。放射性肠炎的诊断主要依赖于病史、内镜检查、影像学检查及组织学检查。目前治疗方案包括内科治疗、内镜治疗、外科治疗，但尚无高级别证据支持的治疗方案。为提高对RE的认识，并探讨其诊断和治疗策略，本文对其危险因素、临床表现、诊断与治疗最新研究进展进行综述。 

Research advances in the diagnosis and treatment of radiation enteritis

Radiation enteritis (RE) is an intestinal complication induced by radiotherapy for malignant tumors of the abdomen and pelvis. RE presents as long-term, intermittent aggravation of hematochezia, tenesmus, along with other symptoms such as serious intestinal perforation and obstruction. RE can cause serious damage to the patient's body and mental health and puts a large burden on the economy. The use of radiotherapy has been increasing with the rise in the incidence of abdominal and pelvic tumors; as a result, the occurrence of RE cases increases each year. Although the diagnosis of RE can be mainly based on medical history, radiology, endoscopy, and histologic features, differential diagnosis may sometimes become difficult. In addition, current RE management includes medical treatment, endoscopic treatment, and surgery, but there is no treatment startegies supported by high level evidence. To improve awareness as well as to discuss diagnosis and treatment strategies for this condition, this review summarizes the latest research advances in understanding of the risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of RE.