广州市家长对儿童流感疫苗接种意愿及影响因素

目的 了解广州市家长对儿童流感疫苗接种的意愿及影响因素，为有效提高儿童流感疫苗的覆盖率提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法，按照经济水平在广州市中心和周边行政区各抽取1所中学和1所小学，对5 133名中小学生家长进行问卷调查，问卷内容主要包括儿童及其家长的基本情况，家长对儿童接种流感疫苗知识的知晓情况等。结果 14.57%(748/5 133)的家长不愿意为孩子接种流感疫苗。多因素Logistic回归显示，与年龄≤35岁的家长相比，41～45和≥46岁的家长不愿意为儿童接种疫苗的可能性分别增高49%(调整OR=1.49,95% CI=1.11～2.00)和86%(调整OR=1.86,95% CI=1.33～2.60);与家庭年收入<10万元的家长相比，年收入≥20万元的家长不愿意的可能性增高52%(调整OR=1.52,95% CI=1.12～2.06);与从家步行到接种点时间≤10 min的家长相比，步行时间≥30 min的家长不愿意的可能性增高52%(调整OR=1.52,95% CI=1.16～1.99);与认为疫苗安全的家长相比，认为疫苗不太安全及不清楚安全性的家长不愿意...

Parental willingness to vaccinate their children with the influenza vaccine in Guangzhou,China

  Objective  To investigate the factors influencing parents'willingness to vaccinate their children against influenza in Guangzhou, and to provide a scientific basic for effectively improving the coverage rate of influenza vaccine in children.  Methods  According to economic level, one secondary school and one elementary school in each of the central administrative and peripheral districts of Guangzhou were selected by stratified cluster sampling.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 5 133 parents of the school students.Questionnaire content included the basic characteristics of children and their parents, and parents'knowledge of influenza vaccination for children.  Results  A total of 14.57%(748/5 133) of parents were unwilling to have their children vaccinated against influenza.The results of the multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that, compared with parents aged ≤35 years old, parents aged 41-45 years and ≥46 years were 49%(adjusted OR=1.49, 95% CI=1.11-2.00) and 86%(adjusted OR=1.86, 95% CI=1.33-2.60), respectively, more likely to refuse vaccinating their children.Parents with an annual income ≥200 000 yuan were 52% more likely to be unwilling to vaccinate their children than those with annual income < 100 000 yuan (adjusted OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.12-2.06).Parents living within a walking distance ≥30 minutes from the vaccination clinic were 52% more likely to be vaccine-reluctant than those living within a walking distance of ≤10 minutes (adjusted OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.16-1.99).Compared with parents who regarded the vaccine as safe, parents who did not believe that it was safe or who were unsure of its safety were more likely to refuse vaccinating their children, with adjusted OR (95% CI) of 12.75(9.44-17.23) and 3.37(2.73-4.15), respectively (P < 0.01).  Conclusion  Parents'age, annual income, recognition of the safety of influenza vaccines, and walking distance to the vaccination clinic are associated with parents'willingness to vaccinate children against influenza.Hospitals, communities and schools should cooperate to carry out vaccination and popular science propaganda, and arrange vaccination sites rationally to improve the coverage of influenza vaccines.