5762例非住院颌面部外伤患者回顾分析

目的: 了解颌面部外伤非住院患者的流行病学特点,为预防和治疗颌面部外伤提供参考。方法: 选取2014年1月—2017年12月于中国医科大学附属盛京医院就诊的5762例非住院颌面部外伤患者进行流行病学统计分析。结果: 非住院颌面部外伤患者中,男性多于女性,男女比例为1.736∶1。发病年龄高峰为学龄前儿童（3~6岁,28.55%）,其次为婴幼儿（0~3岁）。未成年患者（0~17岁）占非住院颌面部外伤患者的68.7%。摔伤（72.9%）为最主要的损伤原因,其次分别为交通事故伤（9.2%）和暴力伤（7.5%）。第3季度（30.1%）及9月份（12.9%）为发病高峰。软组织伤中,额部（37.24%）为最常见的损伤部位,其次为颊部（19.04%）及唇部（18.67%）。结论: 非住院颌面部外伤患者以男性多见,3~6岁组为发病高峰。摔伤及额部是最常见的损伤原因及损伤部位。

Retrospective analysis of 5762 out-patients with maxillofacial trauma

PURPOSE: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of out-patients with maxillofacial trauma and provide reference for prevention and treatment of maxillofacial trauma. METHODS: An epidemiological analysis was carried out among 5762 out-patients with maxillofacial trauma who were admitted to Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from January 2014 to December 2017. RESULTS: Male patients were more than female, and the ratio of male to female was 1.736:1. The peak age of trauma was 3-6 years (28.55%), followed by 0-3 years. Children aging 0-17 years accounted for 68.7% of the out-patients with maxillofacial trauma. Fall injury (72.9%) was the main cause of injury, followed by traffic accident (9.2%) and violence (7.5%). The third quarter (30.1%) was the peak of incidence. Forehead (37.24%) was the most common site of soft tissue injury, followed by cheek (19.04%) and lip (18.67%). CONCLUSIONS: Male patients were most frequently seen in out-patients with maxillofacial trauma, and the peak age was 3-6 years old. Falls and forehead are the most common causes of injury and site of injury.