广州市中学生超重肥胖健康教育干预效果评价

目的 探讨群体层面(健康教育讲座、公众号推送)和个人层面(个性化膳食指导意见)相结合的健康教育对广州市中学生超重肥胖的干预效果，为中学生超重肥胖的预防控制提供依据。方法 于2018年通过方便抽样的方法抽取广州市3所初中和3所高中，经体检筛查出1 457名超重肥胖的12～18岁学生。对超重肥胖学生通过公众号推送健康推文、举办健康教育讲座、下发《学生个性化膳食指导意见》手册等措施进行干预，干预时间为2018年9月至2019年12月。使用χ²检验比较干预前后的超重肥胖构成比，计算需治疗人数(NNT)评价干预效果。结果 干预前超重构成比为66.71%(972/1 457),干预后下降至59.92%(873/1 457);干预前肥胖构成比为33.29%(485/1 457),干预后下降至26.63%(388/1 457)。肥胖学生中NNT最小的是12～13岁女生组(NNT=2.6,95%CI=1.9～4.1),NNT最大的是14～18岁男生组(NNT=5.9,95%CI=4.7～8.1);超重学生中12～13岁女生组NNT最小(NNT=2.7,95%CI=2.2～3.5),...

Evaluation of intervention effect of health education on overweight and obesity among middle school students in Guangzhou

  Objective  To explore the effect of the comprehensive intervention on overweight and obesity among middle school students at the population level (health education lecture and official account push) and individual level (personalized dietary guidance), so as to provide a reference for preventing and controlling their overweight and obesity.  Methods  Three junior high schools and three senior high schools were randomly selected in Guangzhou in 2018 by convenience sampling. Through physical examination, 1 457 overweight and obese students aged from 12 to 18 years old were screened. Intervention was administered through "Student Personalized Dietary Guidance" manual, health tweets on the official accounts, and health education lectures from September 2018 to December 2019. The Chi-square test was used to compare the difference in overweight and obesity constituent ratio between the two groups before and after the intervention. And intervention effect was evaluated by analyzing the number needed to treated(NTT).  Results  The proportion of overweight before the intervention was 66.71% (972/1 457), and decreased to 59.92% (873/1 457) after the intervention; the proportion of obesity before the intervention was 33.29% (485/1 457), which decreased to 26.63% (388/1 457) after the intervention. Among obese students, the smallest NNT was seen in the girl group aged 12-13 years (NNT=2.6, 95%CI=1.9-4.1), while the largest NNT in the boy group aged 14-18 years (NNT=5.9, 95%CI=4.7-8.1). The NNT of the girls aged 12-13 years was the smallest (NNT=2.7, 95%CI=2.2-3.5), and the NNT of the boys aged 14-18 years was the largest (NNT=7.4, 95%CI=6.0-9.7).  Conclusion  Health education at population level (health education lectures, official account push) with individual level (personalized dietary guidance) can effectively intervene overweight and obesity among middle school students in Guangzhou.