太原市4所高校学生听力健康筛查及其影响因素

目的 了解大学生听力健康现状及其影响因素,为高校及有关部门开展听力保健工作提供依据。方法 采用随机抽样的方法,于2021年3—11月对太原市4所高校1 306名学生进行听力损失筛查及问卷调查,使用SPSS 19.0统计软件分析数据。结果 大学生听力损失筛查阳性率为31.70%,4 000 Hz阳性者居多,占51.91%;听力保健相关问题总知晓率为58.96%。Logistic回归分析显示,耳机日累计使用时间>4 h、耳机单次使用时间>1 h与大学生听力损失筛查阳性呈正相关(OR值分别为1.23,1.14,P值均<0.01),听力保健认知佳、父母最高学历(本科及以上高中或大专)与大学生听力损失筛查阳性呈负相关(OR值分别为0.54,0.76,0.37,P值均<0.05)。结论 大学生听力保健认知度偏低,高校和有关部门应采取针对性措施,做好听力保健工作。

Screening for hearing health and associated factors among students from 4 universities in Taiyuan

  Objective  To investigate the current situation of hearing health among college students and associated factors, and to provide a basis for universities and relevant departments to carry out hearing health work.  Methods  By using stratified random sampling method, 1306 students from 4 universities in Taiyuan were screened for hearing loss and were investigated with a questionnaire from March to November 2021.Data were analyzed by using the SPSS 19.0 statistical.  Results  The detection rate of hearing loss was 31.70%.The majority (51.91%) failed to pass the 4 000 Hz hearing screening.The total awareness rate of hearing problems was 58.96%.Logistic regression analysis showed that the total daily usage time of earphones >4 h/d, the duration of using earphones >1 h/time were positively correlated with positive screening for hearing loss among college students (OR=1.23, 1.14, P < 0.01), and good awareness of hearing health care and highest education of parents were negatively correlated with positive screening for hearing loss among coollege students (OR=0.54, 0.76, 0.37, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The awareness of hearing health care among college students is low.Universities and relevant departments should take targeted measures to provide the best hearing health care services.