首发单纯骨转移乳腺癌患者的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的:探讨乳腺癌首发单纯骨转移(bone-only metastasis,BOM)患者的临床病理学特征及预后特点。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月至2016年12月967例于天津医科大学肿瘤医院治疗的转移性乳腺癌患者的临床病理资料。分为180例BOM组与787例非BOM组,对BOM组患者的预后因素行单因素分析和Cox回归模型多因素分析,并根据激素受体(hormone receptor,HR)状态、转移数目及治疗方式行亚组分析。结果:BOM组与非BOM组患者的中位无进展生存(progression-free survival,PFS)时间分别为19.4个月与10.0个月,BOM组中位总生存(overall survival,OS)时间为45.6个月。BOM组与非BOM组HR阳性患者分别占81.7%(147/180)与64.7%(509/787)(P<0.001)。Cox回归模型多因素分析显示HR状态、转移位置、转移数目和治疗方式是BOM患者预后的独立影响因素。BOM组的HR阳性患者内分泌治疗(P=0.004)或联合治疗(P<0.001)较单独化疗的预后更佳。影响BOM组HR阳性患者预后的主要因素为骨转移数目和内分泌治疗。单部位骨转移患者行内分泌治疗(P=0.004)或联合治疗(P=0.002)较单独化疗的预后更佳,多部位骨转移患者行联合治疗较单独化疗(P<0.001)或内分泌治疗(P=0.04)的预后更佳。结论:对于HR阳性BOM尤其是单部位骨转移患者,单纯内分泌治疗可获得较为满意的疗效,而对于多部位BOM则应考虑行联合治疗。

Clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of patients with bone-only metastases

  Objective  To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in breast carcinoma patients with bone-only metastasis (BOM).  Methods  A total of 967 patients with metastatic breast cancer treated in Tianjin Medical University Institute and Hospital between January 2009 and December 2016 were screened, and the case data were retrospectively analyzed. These data involve 180 cases in the BOM group and 787 cases in the non-BOM group. We performed univariate analysis and Cox regression model multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in patients with BOM. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the hormone receptor (HR) status, number of bone metastases, and treatment approaches.  Results  Patients in the BOM group had a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 19.4 months, and non-BOM patients had a median PFS of 10.0 months. Patients in the BOM group had a median overall survival (OS) of 45.6 months. The proportions of patients with HR positivity were 81.7% (147/180) in the BOM group and 64.7% (509/787) in the non-BOM group (P < 0.001). Cox regression model multivariate analyses found that HR status, location of bone metastases, number of bone metastases, and treatment approach were independent factors influencing the prognosis of patients with BOM. Among patients with HR-positive BOM, the prognosis of patients receiving endocrine therapy (P=0.004) or combinatory therapy (P < 0.001) was significantly better than that of patients receiving chemotherapy alone. The number of bone metastases and endocrine therapy were independent prognostic factors in patients with HR-positive BOM. Patients with single bone metastases who received endocrine therapy (P=0.004) or combinatory therapy (P=0.002) had better prognosis than patients who received chemotherapy alone. Patients with multiple bone metastases who received combinatory therapy had better prognosis than patients who received endocrine therapy (P=0.04) or chemotherapy alone (P < 0.001).  Conclusions  For HR-positive BOM patients, especially those with single metastases, endocrine therapy can obtain satisfactory outcomes. For patients with multiple metastases, combinatory therapy can be considered.