OSAHS与耳鸣的相关性研究现状

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)是睡眠障碍性疾病的常见类型，长期的呼吸暂停和低通气可引起不同程度的低氧血症，继发组织缺血缺氧，引起中枢及周围听觉系统损伤，使听觉传导通路异常、中枢听觉皮层产生适应性变化，进而导致耳鸣的感知。OSAHS患者体内5-羟色胺(5-HT)神经递质增多，激活受5-HT控制的听觉核团，影响听觉核团的神经电活动，继发耳鸣的产生。OSAHS患者自主交感神经系统兴奋，刺激耳蜗神经纤维诱发耳鸣；同时激活边缘系统和自主植物神经系统，进而产生焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪加重耳鸣。OSAHS患者长期睡眠结构紊乱形成睡眠剥夺，大脑内有毒代谢物质堆积，使耳鸣的中枢代偿障碍，继发耳鸣的产生。

Current research on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and tinnitus

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is a common type of sleep disorder. Long-term Obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea can cause different degrees of hypoxemia, followed by tissue ischemia and hypoxia. Cause central and surrounding auditory system damage, auditory conduction pathway abnormalities, central auditory cortex adaptive changes, and then lead to tinnitus perception. The increase of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)neurotransmitter in OSAHS patients activates the auditory nucleus controlled by 5-HT and affects the neural electrical activity of the auditory nucleus, resulting in secondary tinnitus. The autonomic sympathetic nervous system of OSAHS patients excites and stimulates cochlear nerve fibers to induce tinnitus. At the same time activate limbic system and plant nervous system, and then produce anxiety, depression and other adverse emotions aggravate tinnitus. OSAHS patients suffer from long-term sleep structure disorder, resulting in sleep deprivation and accumulation of toxic metabolites in the brain, leading to central compensation disorder of tinnitus and secondary tinnitus.