按摩松解联合牵伸法对大学生颈肩肌肉失衡的干预效果

目的探讨按摩松解法联合神经肌肉本体促进(PNF)牵伸法对大学生颈肩肌肉失衡的干预效果,为有效改善大学生颈肩健康状况提供参考。方法选取2017年3月至2018年3月某大学84名因长时间低头导致颈肩肌肉失衡且自愿参与的大学生作为研究对象,使用随机数字表法分为两组(每组42人):对照组进行常规力量训练,观察组在对照组基础上增加按摩松解法、PNF牵伸法进行治疗干预。对比两组干预前后的颈肩肌肉疼痛程度、关节活动度、圆肩角度、头前伸角度等。结果与干预前相比,观察组干预后的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分明显降低,对照组无显著变化,观察组干预后的VAS评分为(3.23±1.29)分,低于对照组的(4.26±1.42)分(P<0.05)。观察组干预后的头前伸角度和圆肩角度分别为(28.24±4.14)°,(35.68±6.29)°,对照组分别为(32.21±6.27)°和(41.86±5.38)°,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。观察组干预后的颈关节屈曲、伸展、左旋、右旋、左屈、右屈活动度分别为(67.24±7.15)°,(68.82±4.66)°,(73.21±4.83)°,(73.56±5.13)°,(38.18±5.14)°,(38.85±2.33)°,均高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。观察组干预后的肌张力(左)、肌张力(右)、肌肉硬度(左)、肌肉硬度(右)、肌肉弹力(左)、肌肉弹力(右)水平分别为(10.21±0.63)Hz,(10.13±0.72)Hz,(174.64±18.15)N/m,(164.34±16.73)N/m,(0.74±0.25)和(0.71±0.33),均显著低于对照组(P值均<0.05)。结论按摩松解法联合PNF牵伸法配合常规力量训练能够有效减轻大学生颈肩肌肉失衡引起的疼痛,改善头前伸及圆肩角度,纠正颈肩姿势不良,恢复颈肩功能。

Observation on the intervention effect of massage loosening method combined with PNF stretching method on the imbalance of neck and shoulder muscles of college students

Objective To explore the intervention effect of massage relaxation method combined with PNF stretching method on the imbalance of neck and shoulder muscles of college students, and provide a reference for effectively improving the health of neck and shoulder muscles among college students. Methods Totally 84 college students with neck and shoulder muscle imbalance from March 2017 to March 2018 due to prolonged bowing were selected as subjects. They were randomly divided into two groups (n=42): the control group was given regular strength training, and the observation group was provided with more strength training by Massage relaxation method and PNF stretching method was used for therapeutic intervention. Then the degrees of neck and shoulder muscle pain, joint mobility, round shoulder angle, and head extension angle were compared before and after intervention of two groups. Results Compared with the results before intervention, the VAS score of the observation group was significantly lower after the intervention, and there was no significant change in the control group, and the VAS score of the observation group was (3.23±1.29), which was significantly lower than that of the control group (4.26±1.42) (P<0.05). The head extension angle and the round shoulder angle of the observation group respectively were (28.24±4.14) ° and (35.68±6.29) °, and the control group respectively were (32.21±6.27) ° and (41.86±5.38) °. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The neck joint flexion, extension, left-handedness, right-handedness, left flexion, right flexion, left-handed and right-handed motion of the observation group respectively were (67.24±7.15) °, (68.82±4.66) °, (73.21±4.83) °, (73.56±5.13) °, (38.18±5.14) °and (38.85±2.33) °, all significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The muscle tension (left), muscle tension (right), muscle stiffness (left), muscle stiffness (right), muscle elasticity (left), and muscle elasticity (right) of the observation group respectively were (10.21±0.63) Hz, (10.13±0.72) Hz, (174.64±18.15) N/m, (164.34±16.73) N/m, 0.74±0.25 and 0.71±0.33, both significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Massage loosening combined with PNF stretching method combined with conventional strength training can effectively alleviate the pain caused by the imbalance of neck and shoulder muscles of college students, improve head extension and round shoulder angle, correct neck and shoulder posture, and restore neck and shoulders.