湖南省株洲市2008—2018年报告的老年HIV/AIDS病例流行特征

目的 分析株洲市2008—2018年新增报告的≥50周岁HIV/AIDS病例流行趋势及相关特征,为针对性制定老年人群艾滋病防治措施提供科学依据。方法 通过“艾滋病综合防治信息系统”下载历史数据,筛选2008—2018年≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例资料,分析感染率趋势、三间分布特点、传播途径构成、病例来源等相关信息。结果 2008—2018年株洲市累计新增报告≥50岁的HIV/AIDS病例521例,占总报告病例的31.54%;平均年龄(58.17±8.76)岁,小学以下文化占55.47%,农民和民工占69.10%,性传播途径占99.62%,样本来源医院途径占70.25%。2008—2018年报告≥50岁新增HIV/AIDS病例在当年新发现报告病例总数的百分比构成和该人群总体感染率,呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义（P=0.004）。离异或丧偶者占比呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;城区和县乡老年人HIV/AIDS感染者在职业构成、文化程度构成方面均存在区别,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。仅有配偶／固定性伴阳性接触史病例在男、女老年人病例的占比存在差异,有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论 株洲市老年人艾滋病疫情发展迅猛,性接触传播是主要途径,应根据相应的流行病学分布特征,调整防治战略,制定针对性防控措施,遏制老年人艾滋病疫情。

Epidemiological characteristics of the elderly HIV/AIDS cases reported in Zhuzhou,Hu′nan, 2008- 2018

Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and related characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years over in Zhuzhou from 2008 to 2018, to provide scientific basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control measures for the elderly. Methods The data of HIV/AIDS cases ≥50 years from 2008 to 2018 were screened by downloading the historical data from the "AIDS Integrated Prevention and Control Information System". The trend of infection , the distribution characteristics of the three areas, the composition of transmission routes and the source of cases were analyzed. Results In 2008-2018, 521 cases of HIV/AIDS cases in Zhuzhou accumulated new reported of ≥ 50 years, accounting for 31.54% of the total newly reported cases; the average age was (58.17±8.76), below primary school culture accounted for 55.47%, 69.10% for farmers and migrant workers, 99.62% for sexually transmitted diseases, and 70.25% of samples were from hospitals. From 2008 to 2018, the overall infection rate of the newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥50 years in this population, the percentage composition of the total number of newly reported cases in that year were increasing year by year, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.004).The proportion of divorced or widowed people increased year by year, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). There were significant differences in occupational composition and educational level among the elderly with HIV/AIDS cases in urban areas and counties and townships (P<0.001). The proportion of male and female elderly patients with only spouse/fixed positive contact history was significantly different (P<0.001). Conclusion The AIDS epidemic among the elderly in Zhuzhou is developing rapidly, the sexual contact is the main way. According to the corresponding epidemiological distribution characteristics, we should adjust the prevention and control strategy, develop targeted prevention and control measures to curb the elderly AIDS epidemic.