大学生社会支持与负性情绪自杀行为的相关性

目的探讨社会支持对大学生抑郁、焦虑和压力等负性情绪相关自杀行为的调节作用,为开展大学生自杀预防提供参考。方法在青海省、宁夏回族自治区和新疆维吾尔自治区各选取1所高校,以班级为单位整群抽取4 893名在校大学生作为研究对象,进行社会支持量表、抑郁—焦虑—压力量表(Depression Anxiety Stress Scale,DASS)和自杀行为量表问卷调查,采用层次回归模型分析社会支持的调节作用。结果被试学生中有738名为自杀行为高危(15.08%)。回归分析显示,DASS得分对大学生自杀风险具有正向预测作用(β=0.31,P<0.01),而社会支持对大学生自杀风险具有负向预测作用(β=-0.08,P<0.01);社会支持与DASS的交互项也显示出对自杀风险的负向预测作用(β=-0.05,P<0.01)。结论社会支持对大学生抑郁、焦虑和压力等负性情绪相关的自杀行为可能具有缓冲作用。

The moderating effect of social support on the relationship between negative emotions and suicidal behaviors among college students

Objective To explore whether social support has a moderating effect on the relationship between negative emotions including depression, anxiety, stress with suicidal behaviors, and to provide reference for the suicide prevention among college students. Methods Three universities were selected in Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang province, and 4 893 college students were selected using cluster sampling method. The Social Support Scale, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale(DASS) and Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire-Revised self-evaluation questionnaires were used to collect data. Hierarchical linear regression model was employed to explore the moderating effect of social support. Results A total of 4 893 college students completed full questionnaires and included in the final analysis. Among them, 738(15.08%) were under high risk of suicidal behaviors. The regression model showed that DASS score was positively associated with suicidal behavior(β=0.31, P<0.01), and social support was negatively associated with suicidal behavior(β=-0.08, P<0.01);Additionally, the interaction between social support and DASS negatively correlated with suicidal behavior(β=-0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Social support may have buffering effects on the relationship between negative emotions(depression, anxiety and stress) and suicidal behaviors.