1996～2002年宁夏孕产妇死亡监测分析

目的：通过对宁夏孕产妇死亡资料分析，阐述宁夏山区、川区孕产妇死亡的基本特点与发展趋势．为进一步降低孕产妇死亡率提供科学依据。方法：对1996～2002年宁夏9个监测县孕产妇死亡情况进行统计分析：结果：7年间宁夏孕产妇死亡率下降幅度很大，从1996年130．97／10万下降到2002年72．01／10万，平均每年下降7．50％.山区下降更加明显；产科出血居孕产妇死因首位。山区产科出血占60％，孕产妇死亡76．67％发生在家中或路途。川区孕产妇死因主要为羊水栓塞、妊高征、产科出血，孕产妇死亡有71．11％发生在医院。结论：进一步降低孕产妇死亡率的重点仍在山区．应加强山区孕产妇系统管理，提高住院分娩率，同时重视家中分娩前后产科出血的预防和救治。

Monitoring Analysis on Ningxia Maternal Mortality During the Period 1996-2002

Objective: Through the analysis on maternal mortality data in 9 cities and counties under surveillance in Ningxia in the years 1996-2002, this paper re vealed the basic points and developing trend of maternal mortality both in mount ainous areas and plain areas in Ningxia to provide the scientific evidence for f urther reducing the maternal mortality rate(MMR). Methods: Statist ical analysis w as applied for calculating MMR and related data in 9 surveillance cities and cou nties of Ningxia in 1996-2002. Results: The MMR in Ningxia had red uced considera bly during the past 7 years, from 130.97/100 thousand in 1996 to 72.01/100 thous and in 2002, the average MMR reduced 7.5% annually, reduction showed more promin ent in mountainons areas. Prenatal and postpartum hemorrhage was the top cause o f MM. The obstetric hemorrhage-induced death accounted for 60% of whole parturie nts died in perinatal period in mountainous areas, among them 76.67% of MM happ ened at home or on the way to hospital. Poor quality of prenatal health care was closely related to high MMR. The main reasons causing MM were amniotic embolism , high-risk pregnancy and puerperal hemorrhage, and accounted for 64.44% of whol e parterients died in perinatal period in plain areas, among them 71.11% of MM h appened at hospitals. Conclusion: Major task of reducing MMR shoul d still lay on parturients living in mountainous areas; the maternal systematic management of mountainous areas should be strengthened, hospitalized delivery rate should be r aised and more attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment for the prenatal and postpartum hemorrhage of home delivery parturients.