广东番禺潭洲镇农村中小学生先天性心脏病和风湿性心脏病的患病水平现状

对4946名5-18岁农村中小学生以心脏听诊为主的先天性心脏病（CHD）和风湿性心脏病（RHD）调查，检出先心病22例，患病率4．45‰；以室间隔缺损最多见（50％）。平均诊断年龄7．7岁，平均手术年龄8．4岁。风心病6例，患病率1．21‰，均有二尖瓣损害。两病均女性明显高于男性。与国内大多数报道相比，本地区农村中小学生先心病和风心病患病率较高。通过中小学生体检，早期发现确诊先心病和风心病，对先心病的手术根治、风心病的二级预防有重要意义。

Congenital heart diseases and rheamatic heart disease in rural school children of Tanzhou, in Panyu, Guangdong

A acreening survey of congenital heart dis ease (CHD) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) was conducted for 4946 primary and middle school children aged 5- 18 in Tanzhou township of Panyu county in 1995. All partici pants were examined by experinenced physicians with careful heart auscultation. The results show that the prevalence of CHD and RHD were 4.45 per 1000 and 1.21 per 1000 respectively The prevalence rates were higher in female than in male for both CHD and RHD. Ventricular septal defect was most common in CHD accounting for 50%. Mitral valve lesion was found in all RHD cases. The average age at first diagnosis and operation for CHD were 7 .7 and 8 .4 years old respectively .These data suggest that early diagnosis of CHD and RHD throuth screening survey is important for RHD secondary pre vention and CHD surgical therapy.