Age-related macular degeneration and low-vision rehabilitation: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Because of the prevalence and devastating consequences of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a systematic review devoted to low-vision rehabilitation and AMD seems timely and appropriate. METHODS: Several electronic databases were searched for studies from 1980 to 2006 involving individuals with low vision or visual impairment and rehabilitation interventions. Studies were assessed for quality and level of evidence. RESULTS: The findings indicate that standard low-vision rehabilitation programs, conventional in-clinic assessments, and optical devices are effective ways of managing and living with vision loss. Areas of unmet need include determining which types of orientation and mobility programs and devices are most effective and developing methods of matching assistive technologies with the individual's visual and environmental requirements. INTERPRETATION: Additional randomized controlled trials with similar intervention comparisons and outcome measures are needed to form stronger conclusions for the most effective low-vision rehabilitation interventions for individuals with AMD.