云南省曲靖市汉坦病毒宿主动物调查

目的了解云南省曲靖市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)宿主动物及疫源地分布特点,为防治HFRS提供科学依据。方法在居民区用鼠笼法捕鼠,捕获鼠类经分类鉴定,解剖取肺组织,用直接免疫荧光试验(DFA)检测汉坦病毒抗原。结果 2009年5~9月,在云南省曲靖市宣威、沾益、麒麟、马龙、陆良、会泽、罗平、师宗、富源县(市、区)共捕获鼠类6种643只,褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠、斯氏家鼠、大足鼠和树鼩构成比依次为47.28%、44.63%、5.13%、1.56%、1.24%、0.16%,褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为优势种;用DFA法检查鼠肺组织643份,阳性12份,阳性率1.87%;阳性鼠种为褐家鼠(2.63%,8/304)、黄胸鼠(1.05%,3/287)和小家鼠(3.03%,1/33)。结论曲靖市广泛存在以褐家鼠为主要宿主的家鼠型HFRS疫源地,今后应加强本病的监测和防制工作。

Investigation on host animal of hantavirus in Qujing City, Yunnan Province, China

Objective To understand host animal and epidemic focus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Qujing City, Yunnan Province for offering a scientific guidance for prevention and control. Methods The rodents were captured by a special trap in the residential area. The antigens to hantavirus in lung tissues were detected by direct immu- no-fluorescence assay （DFA）. Results There were 643 rodents of 6 species captured in counties of Xuanwei, Zhanyi, Qi- lin, Malong, Luliang, Huize, Luoping, Shizong and Fuyuan. Species composition rate of rodents were Rattus norvegicus, Rat- tusflavipectus, Mus musculus, Rattus rattus and Rattus nitidus of 47.28%, 44.63%, 5.13%, 1.56%, 1.24% and 0.16%, respec- tively, with the dominant species of Rattus norvegicus and Rattusflavipectus. Total 643 lung tissues of the rodents were de- tected, with 12 of positive antigen to hantavirus and positive rate of 1.87%. The hantavirus carrying rate was 2.63% （8/304） for Rattus norvegicus, 1.05% （3/287） for Rattusflavipectus, and 3.03% （1/33） of Mus musculus, respectively. Conclusions There are the epidemic loci of HFRS with the hosts of the dominant rodents ofRattus norvegicus and Rattusflavipectus wide- ly distributed in Qujing City. Surveillance and control of HFRS should be reinforced in the future.