新护士入职初期焦虑状况及其影响因素分析

目的：了解新护士入职初期焦虑状况，并分析其影响因素。方法采用焦虑自评量表（ SAS）、一般自我效能感量表、离职意愿量表对120名新护士进行问卷调查并进行分析。结果新护士入职初期的SAS总分均值（42．61±7．68）分，与中国常模SAS均分比较差异有统计学意义（ t＝18．296， P＜0．01）。影响新护士入职初期的焦虑水平的主要因素有离职意愿、自我效能感、家庭所在地、家人支持、科室关系是否融洽、实习期间是否发生过差错、心中有无榜样护士、性格特征等。结论新护士入职初期焦虑情况严重，应为新护士减轻心理负担，帮助其尽快适应临床岗位。

Investigation on anxiety level and influence factors in new nurses

Objective To investigate the anxiety level and to analyze influence factors of new nurses . Methods The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）,General Self-Efficacy Scale（GSES） and Turnover Intention Questionnaire （TIQ） were used to survey among 120 news nurses.Results The new nurses had higher SAS scores（42.61 ±7.68） than the norm（China normal population）（P 〈0.01）.There were no significant differences in anxiety level of the nurses with different sex and age , whether or not the only-child nurse , labor character , education background ,practice location , whether or not having candidates experience of failures and job satisfaction, etc.The factors influencing the nurses ’ anxiety level involved turnover intention , self-efficacy, family residence , family support , department harmonization , whether an error occurred internship , models and personality etc .Conclusions The new nurses have serious anxiety , and the effective measures should be taken to reduce the new nurses ’ psychological burden .