心理障碍大学生人格特征与心理症状的相关分析

背景心理障碍者的人格特征与心理症状关系密切,此类研究亦有报道,但将高级统计方法偏相关分析、典型相关分析运用于这两者之间的相关研究颇为鲜见.目的通过了解心理障碍大学生的人格特征与心理症状的关系,为大学生心理障碍的干预提供科学依据.设计分层随机整群抽样调查.单位华中科技大学同济医学院儿少卫生研究室.对象采取分层随机整群抽样的方法,对武汉工业学院部分学生,运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行现况调查,以≥3项因子分在2.3以上138人(强迫症、焦虑症、恐怖症、神经衰弱)为心理障碍研究对象.预对心理障碍学生进行SCL-90及EPQ测试,由被试者独立答题,当场收回.主要观察指标心理障碍大学生EPQ测试的内外向、神经质、精神质、掩饰性分值与SCL-90测试的总均分及躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执和精神病性9个因子分的偏相关和典型相关分析.结果SCL-90测试的总均分及各因子分均与神经质分呈正相关(r=0.225～0.417,P＜0.05),敌对、偏执、精神病性因子分与精神质分呈正相关(r=0.213～0.223,P＜0.05),总均分及强迫、人际关系敏感、恐怖因子分与内外向分呈负相关(r=-0.167～-0.278,P＜0.05).人格特征和心理症状评分的相关主要由这两组变量中的典型变量人际关系敏感、焦虑与神经质的相关(r=0.459,P＜0.01)及偏执与精神质的相关(r=0.354,P＜0.05)所决定.结论大学生心理障碍多有一定的人格基础,了解心理障碍大学生人格特征与心理症状的内在联系,为探索有效的大学生心理障碍干预方案奠定了良好的基础.

Correlative analysisof the personality and psycho symptoms in undergraduates with mental disorder

BACKGROUND: Personality and psycho symptoms of patiens with mental disorder are closely related. There were reports about this type of researches. However, there is very few report applying statistical methods of partial correlation analysis and typical correlation analysis into the correlative analysis between these two factors.OBJECTIVE: To provide a scientific gist for the intervention in undergraduate with mental disorder through the comprehension of the relationship between personality and psycho symptoms of undergraduates with mental disorder.DESIGN: A stratified randomised cluister-sampling investigation.SETTING: Children Health Institute of Tongji Medical College of HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology.PARTICIPANTS: A stratified randomised cluster-sampling method was used to investigate part of the undergraduates of Wuhan Industry College with Symptoms Checklist-90(SCL-90) . Totally 138 undergraduates scored 2.3 point in more than three items were selected as subjects with mental disorder (obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, phobia, and neurasthenia).INTERVENTIONS: SCL-90 and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ)tests were conducted in the undergraduates with mental disorder. The questionnaires were completed by the testees independently and taken back on the spot.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: EPQ scores of extraversion and introversion, nervousness, psychosis and conceal, SCL-90 total average score, and the partial and typical correlation analysis of the scores in 9 items of somatization disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, sensitive haman interrelationship, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, crankiness and lunacy.RESULTS: The total average score of SCL-90 and score of each factor were positively correlated with the score of nervousness( r =0. 225-0. 417, P ＜ 0.05 ) . Scores of hostility, crankiness and lunacy were positively correlated with score of nervousness( r = 0. 213 - 0. 223, P ＜ 0.05). The total average score of SCL-90 and the scores of obsessive-compulsive disorder, sensitive human interrelationship and phobia were negatively correlated with the score of extraversion and introversion ( r = - 0. 167 to -0. 278, P ＜ 0. 05).The correlation between personality and scores of psycho symptoms was mainly determined by the typical variables of these two groups of variables,i. e., the correlation between sensitive human interrelationship, anxiety and nervousness( r = 0. 459, P ＜ 0.01 ), and the correlation between crankiness and lunacy( r =0. 354, P ＜ 0. 05).CONCLUSION: Undergraduates' mental disorder usually has certain personality basis. The comprehension of the interrelationship between personality and psycho symptoms provides a favourable foundation in the establishment of the effective intervention plan for undergraduates with mental disorder.